Challenge models for atypical Aeromonas salmonicida and Vibrio anguillarum in farmed Ballan wrasse (Labrus bergylta) and preliminary testing of a trial vaccine against atypical Aeromonas salmonicida

Biering, Eirik; Vaagnes, Ø; Krossøy, Bjørn; Gulla, Snorre; Colquhoun, D.J.

doi:10.1111/jfd.12450

Cited by 15 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Successful vaccination of other fish species, such as Atlantic salmon and rainbow trout, against atypical variants of A. salmonicida has proven to be very difficult and given highly variable results, as reviewed by Midtlyng (). However, other researchers have shown that it is possible to provide protection and strong antibody response in spotted wolfish ( Anarchicas minor O.; Lund, Arnesen, & Eggset, ), ballan wrasse (Biering, Vaagnes, Krossoy, Gulla, & Colquhoun, ) and Atlantic lumpfish (Ghebretnsae, ) against atypical variants of A. salmonicida through vaccination, and are in accordance with our observations.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Studies on the antibody response and side effects after intramuscular and intraperitoneal injection of Atlantic lumpfish (Cyclopterus lumpus L.) with different oil‐based vaccines

Erkinharju

Lundberg

Isdal

et al. 2017

Journal of Fish Diseases

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Atlantic lumpfish (Cyclopterus lumpus L.) is used as a biological delousing agent for sea lice (Lepeophtheirus salmonis K.) infestations in Norwegian aquaculture. Here, we present a study on the antibody response and vaccine side effects after intramuscular and intraperitoneal injection of lumpfish with two vaccines. Both vaccines contained bacterial antigens from atypical Aeromonas salmonicida A-layer types V and VI, Vibrio anguillarum serotype O1 and Moritella viscosa sp., but one vaccine contained a vegetable oil-based adjuvant, while the other contained a mineral oil-based adjuvant. Intramuscular injection of the mineral oil-based vaccine caused a high acute mortality of fish within 48 hr after immunization. Intraperitoneal injection of the mineral oil-based vaccine resulted in a lower severity of intra-abdominal side effects than the vegetable oil-based vaccine. Intramuscular injection of the mineral oil-based vaccine resulted in a significantly higher antibody response against A. salmonicida when compared to controls and the vegetable oil-based vaccine group. The antibody response was poor against V. anguillarum and M. viscosa for all groups. Our results indicate that intramuscular injection of oil-based vaccines might be feasible for providing immunological protection for Atlantic lumpfish against bacterial diseases, especially atypical A. salmonicida, but more work is required to identity optimal adjuvants.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Studies on the antibody response and side effects after intramuscular and intraperitoneal injection of Atlantic lumpfish (Cyclopterus lumpus L.) with different oil‐based vaccines

Erkinharju

Lundberg

Isdal

et al. 2017

Journal of Fish Diseases

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“…However, the A. salmonicida isolates in the present study fall into a group of so-called non-typical A. salmonicida characterized as mesophilic, sometimes motile, bacteria with no or reduced pigment production (Dallaire-Dufresne et al, 2014). Infections attributed to non-typical A. salmonicida are an increasing problem in aquaculture, mainly affecting the cleaner fish (wrasse) (Hjeltnes et al, 2015; Biering et al, 2016). A high prevalence of mesophilic A. salmonicida was also reported in studies of Italian food samples (Ottaviani et al, 2011) and in Mexican frozen fish samples (Castro-Escarpulli et al, 2003).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Species Distribution and Prevalence of Putative Virulence Factors in Mesophilic Aeromonas spp. Isolated from Fresh Retail Sushi

2017

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Aeromonas spp. are ubiquitous bacteria that have received increasing attention as human pathogens because of their widespread occurrence in food, especially seafood and vegetables. The aim of this work was to assess the species identity and phylogenetic relationship of 118 Aeromonas strains isolated from fresh retail sushi from three producers, and to characterize the isolates with respect to genetic and phenotypic virulence factors. We also evaluate the potential hazard associated with their presence in ready-to-eat seafood not subjected to heat treatment. Mesophilic Aeromonas salmonicida was most prevalent (74%), followed by A. bestiarum (9%), A. dhakensis (5%), A. caviae (5%), A. media (4%), A. hydrophila (2%), and A. piscicola (1%). All isolates were considered potentially pathogenic due to the high prevalence of genes encoding hemolysin (hlyA) (99%), aerolysin (aerA) (98%), cytotoxic enterotoxin (act) (86%), heat-labile cytotonic enterotoxin (alt) (99%), and heat-stable cytotonic enterotoxin (ast) (31%). The shiga-like toxins 1 and 2 (stx-1 and stx-2) were not detected. Moreover, there was heterogeneity in toxin gene distribution among the isolates, and the combination of act/alt/hlyA/aerA was most commonly detected (63%). β-hemolysis was species-dependent and observed in 91% of the isolates. All A. media and A. caviae strains were non-hemolytic. For isolates belonging to this group, lack of hemolysis was possibly related to the absence of the act gene. Swimming motility, linked to adhesion and host invasion, occurred in 65% of the isolates. Partial sequencing of the gyrB gene demonstrated its suitability as a genetic marker for Aeromonas species identification and for assessment of the phylogenetic relationship between the isolates. The gyrB sequence divergence within a given species ranged from 1.3 to 2.9%. A. bestiarum, A. salmonicida, and A. piscicola were the most closely related species; their sequences differed by 2.7–3.4%. The average gyrB sequence similarity between all species was 93%, demonstrating its acceptable taxonomic resolution. The presence of multiple species of potential pathogenic Aeromonas in fresh retail sushi raises new food safety issues related to the increased consumption of ready-to-eat food composed of raw ingredients.

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“…However, being a relatively newly farmed species, where culture conditions continue to be optimised, means that cleaner fish can be susceptible to bacterial infections, and atypical isolates of A. salmonicida are one key pathogen responsible for disease outbreaks (Brooker et al., 2018; Hjeltnes, Bang‐Jensen, Bornø, Haukaas, & Walde, 2019). A raft of routine biosecurity measures is taken to prevent infections and protective vaccines are in development (Biering, Vaagnes, Krossoy, Gulla, & Colquhoun, 2016; Erkinharju et al., 2017; Scarfe, Lee, & O’Bryen, 2011), but antibiotics remain the only treatment option once a disease outbreak has occurred. Few antibiotics are approved for use in aquaculture in the United Kingdom and Norway where the cleaner fish are cultured, with florfenicol and oxytetracycline being two of the most commonly prescribed agents (The Norwegian Veterinary Institute, 2016; UK‐VARSS, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiotics modulate biofilm formation in fish pathogenic isolates of atypical Aeromonas salmonicida

Desbois

Cook

Buba

2020

Journal of Fish Diseases

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Challenge models for atypical Aeromonas salmonicida and Vibrio anguillarum in farmed Ballan wrasse (Labrus bergylta) and preliminary testing of a trial vaccine against atypical Aeromonas salmonicida

Cited by 15 publications

References 4 publications

Studies on the antibody response and side effects after intramuscular and intraperitoneal injection of Atlantic lumpfish (Cyclopterus lumpus L.) with different oil‐based vaccines

Studies on the antibody response and side effects after intramuscular and intraperitoneal injection of Atlantic lumpfish (Cyclopterus lumpus L.) with different oil‐based vaccines

Species Distribution and Prevalence of Putative Virulence Factors in Mesophilic Aeromonas spp. Isolated from Fresh Retail Sushi

Antibiotics modulate biofilm formation in fish pathogenic isolates of atypical Aeromonas salmonicida

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