Challenge of pediatric oncology in Africa

Hadley, Larry; Rouma, Bankole S.; Saad-Eldin, Yasser

doi:10.1053/j.sempedsurg.2012.01.006

Cited by 111 publications

(109 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…According to literature data, osteosarcoma is often found in the pre pubertal years and the location on the lower third of the femur is the most common in 47% of cases (Grimer et al, 2005). Carcinomas are rare in children; the rate of these cancers in our study was 3% is comparable to those of authors of Nigeria and South Africa (Tanko et al, 2009;Hadley et al, 2012).…”

Section: 81 Evaluation Of the Histo-epidemiological Profile Of Solidsupporting

confidence: 83%

Evaluation of the Histo-Epidemiological Profile of Solid Childhood Cancers in Togo

Darré

Maneh²,

Boume³

et al. 2016

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

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Background: Cancer is a subject of continuing concern, more common in adults than in children, but often with a poor outcome in the latter. Our study set itself the objective to describe the epidemiological and histological aspects of solid cancers in children in Togo. Materials and Methods: This descriptive, cross-sectional study focused on cases of solid cancers in children diagnosed from 2010 to 2014 (5 years) at the pathology laboratory of the Tokoin teaching hospital. Data were collected from the records of that laboratory. Results: We collected 66 cases of childhood cancer representing 5% of all solid cancers. The annual incidence was 13.2 cases. The sex ratio (M/F) was 1.4; mean age was of 7.2±1.6 years. The age group most affected was that of 5-9 years (40.9%). Four histological groups of solid childhood cancers were listed: lymphoma (n=34 cases; 51.5%), embryonic cancer (n=17 cases; 25.8%), sarcomas (n=13 cases; 19.7%) and carcinoma (n=2 cases; 3%). The most common histological types were Burkitt lymphoma (36.4%), nephroblastoma (10.6%) and retinoblastoma (10.6%). Conclusions: This study shows that solid cancers in children are relatively frequent in Togo with a male predominance. They are still largely dominated by Burkitt lymphoma, followed by retinoblastoma and nephroblastoma.

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Section: 81 Evaluation Of the Histo-epidemiological Profile Of Solidsupporting

confidence: 83%

Evaluation of the Histo-Epidemiological Profile of Solid Childhood Cancers in Togo

Darré

Maneh²,

Boume³

et al. 2016

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

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“…Hence there were no complications reported in our study. Although preliminary results are promising, a great limitation to the study is incomplete information, commonly encountered in clinical care and program evaluation in similar settings 20,21,22 . Both incomplete information and incomplete documentation affect appropriate risk stratification, a challenge in GTN management that has been noted in cancer centers in lowresource settings 23 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence and clinical outcome of Gestational Trophoblastic diseases in a tertiary care hospital

2017

Int. J. Curr. Res. Med. Sci.

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Introduction: Gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD) consists of group of disorders having pathology of abnormal trophoblastic proliferation ranging from hydatidiform mole to gestational trophoblastic neoplasia. Based on differences in morphology, histopathology, karyotype and clinical features, hydatidiform mole can be categorized into partial and complete moles. Molar pregnancy incidence varies across countries. The incidence of molar pregnancy in Asia is 1:100-300, choriocarcinoma 1:1000-2000 of live born children. Aim: To determine the incidence, clinical outcome and management of women with gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD) at tertiary care hospital during a study period of 6 months. Materials and Methods: This is an observational descriptive study conducted over a period of 6 months. In our study, total 18 cases were diagnosed with GTD, based on ultrasound, biochemical and histological examination. Results: During study period, total patients delivered were 3610, out of which 18 cases had GTD. The overall incidence of GTD was 1/200 pregnancies, including cases of partial mole, complete mole, choriocarcinoma, and invasive mole. Highest incidence was found in extremes of age. 77.7% of cases presented in the first trimester, while 22.3% of cases presented in the second trimester. 77.7% of cases were complete mole, 11.1% were partial mole, and 11.1% were diagnosed as gestational trophoblastic neoplasm. Majority of cases (94.4%) presented with vaginal bleeding; pregnancy induced hypertension and preeclampsia was present in 16.6% of cases, 66.6% had abdominal cramps, 44.4% presented with signs of dehydration due to hyperemesis gravidarum, 22.2% had hyperthyroidism. Ultrasound was diagnostic in 95% cases, while histopathological examination was diagnostic in 100% of the cases. The incidence of GTDs in our hospital (1 in 200) is comparable to the incidence in Middle East and Far Eastern countries. Conclusion: In our study, we found a high incidence of GTD in primigravidas. Most patients who had been diagnosed with GTD on USG were in first trimester.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 With an emphasis on communicable diseases, low-and middle-income countries (LMIC) including those in Africa have not prioritised cancer or childhood cancer in public health policy, 2 and it is suggested that approximately 80% of African children with cancer still die without access to adequate care. 1,3,4 Accurate data about childhood cancer and the impact of the disease are rare in Africa, 5 and South Africa (SA) is the only country with a national childhood cancer registry. 4,6 Frequent late stage presentation and high mortality make cancer a serious public health issue throughout Africa 7,8,9 and better outcomes for children with cancer depend on improved cancer planning, resource development and access to care.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4,6 Frequent late stage presentation and high mortality make cancer a serious public health issue throughout Africa 7,8,9 and better outcomes for children with cancer depend on improved cancer planning, resource development and access to care. 1,2 Photovoice methodology 10 was chosen as a qualitative research tool because it encourages storytelling about everyday life, is a user-friendly information capturing tool 11 and can facilitate information flow from service users to health care stakeholders. 12 Photovoice data collection has been used with both children 13 and adults in health research and advocacy for social change.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A descriptive qualitative study of childhood cancer challenges in South Africa: Thematic analysis of 68 photovoice contributions

Edwards

Greeff²

2017

S. Afr. j. oncol.

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Background: Many childhood cancers are treatable with cure rates between 70% and 80% in well-resourced countries, while approximately 80% of African children with cancer die without access to adequate care. South Africa has an established oncology health care service with overburdened infrastructure, low cancer awareness in the primary health care service and widespread service delivery challenges. Aim: The aim of this study was to explore, document and analyse the subjective experience of childhood cancer-related challenges in South Africa, and to make the results available to stakeholders. Setting: A total of 58 patient-participants (childhood cancer patients, parents and guardians of children with cancer) and 10 paediatric oncology workers (oncology social workers, oncology nurses and interim home carers) were selected from tertiary oncology centres and from the Childhood Cancer Foundation of South Africa (CHOC) interim care homes across South Africa. Method: Participants were selected via convenience sampling and qualitative data were derived from face-to-face photovoice interviews conducted by psychologists and social workers and supported by translators when necessary. Results: Nine themes of cancer challenges were identified via thematic content analysis of the photo-narratives, that is, physical and treatment challenges, emotional, poor services, transport, finances, information, powerlessness, stigma and schooling challenges. Conclusion: Lack of awareness and knowledge about cancer at the African traditional healer, primary and regional health care service levels were frequent challenges. Important feedback included lack of patient-centred care, separation of children with cancer from guardians, diagnostic delays, permanent disabilities for children because of cancer, emotional trauma, special needs of teenagers and a lack of community and palliative care support.

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Challenge of pediatric oncology in Africa

Cited by 111 publications

References 22 publications

Evaluation of the Histo-Epidemiological Profile of Solid Childhood Cancers in Togo

Evaluation of the Histo-Epidemiological Profile of Solid Childhood Cancers in Togo

Incidence and clinical outcome of Gestational Trophoblastic diseases in a tertiary care hospital

A descriptive qualitative study of childhood cancer challenges in South Africa: Thematic analysis of 68 photovoice contributions

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