Challenges and advances in nanocomposite processing techniques

Viswanathan, Vaishak; Laha, Tapas; Balani, Kantesh; Agarwal, Arvind; Seal, Sudipta

doi:10.1016/j.mser.2006.11.002

Cited by 436 publications

(216 citation statements)

References 416 publications

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“…[4] The HIP'd materials typically exhibit a finer grain structure than conventionally forged materials. [8] The application of high pressure and an inert gas atmosphere allows the sintering of internal voids [9] and significantly, the isostatically applied pressure ensures the grain microstructure is isotropic in geometry and in properties, exhibiting no texture or anisotropy as observed in some forgings and in rolled plates. This fine and isotropic grain structure is deemed the fundamental reasoning behind the observed enhanced mechanical properties associated with HIP'd materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[9] The efficiency of material use and the potential to reduce the number of welds by HIP has the potential to both drive down manufacturing costs and improve service life for engineering components such as those used in the nuclear sector. However, the introduction of new processes must be accompanied by a materials dataset that demonstrates adequate properties, as well as new understanding that shows any differences from conventionally forged materials are fully characterized from a mechanistic point of view.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A Microstructural Study on the Observed Differences in Charpy Impact Behavior Between Hot Isostatically Pressed and Forged 304L and 316L Austenitic Stainless Steel

Cooper

Bell

et al. 2015

Metall Mater Trans A

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With near-net shape technology becoming a more desirable route toward component manufacture due to its ability to reduce machining time and associated costs, it is important to demonstrate that components fabricated via Hot Isostatic Pressing (HIP) are able to perform to similar standards as those set by equivalent forged materials. This paper describes the results of a series of Charpy tests from HIP'd and forged 304L and 316L austenitic stainless steel, and assesses the differences in toughness values observed. The pre-test and post-test microstructures were examined to develop an understanding of the underlying reasons for the differences observed. The as-received microstructure of HIP'd material was found to contain micro-pores, which was not observed in the forged material. In tested specimens, martensite was detectable within close proximity to the fracture surface of Charpy specimens tested at 77 K (À196°C), and not detected in locations remote from the fracture surface, nor was martensite observed in specimens tested at ambient temperatures. The results suggest that the observed changes in the Charpy toughness are most likely to arise due to differences in as-received microstructures of HIP'd vs forged stainless steel.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Microstructural Study on the Observed Differences in Charpy Impact Behavior Between Hot Isostatically Pressed and Forged 304L and 316L Austenitic Stainless Steel

Cooper

Bell

et al. 2015

Metall Mater Trans A

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“…Crucial to these studies is the wide array of synthetic chemistry tools for nanoparticle preparation along with polymerization methods such as grafting-to and graftingfrom that have been developed and practiced over the last two decades. The synthetic issues, 4,5 colloidal particle physics and processing 10,11 as applied to PNCs, while quite mature, have many outstanding issues and these have been recently articulated in substantial detail. 1,3,6,10,[12][13][14] This article will concentrate on the polymer physics aspects of this complex subject.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymer nanocomposites

Krishnamoorti

Vaia

2007

J Polym Sci B Polym Phys

243

166

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Polymer nanocomposites are distinguished by the convergence of length scales corresponding to the radius of gyration of the polymer chains, a dimension of the nanoparticle and the mean distance between the nanoparticles. The consequences of this convergence on the physics of the polymer chains are considered, and some of the outstanding issues and their potential consequences on structure-property relations for polymer nanocomposites are highlighted.

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“…Smectic clays, particularly montmorillonite (MMT) minerals, serve as good nanoclay fillers owing to their ease of dispersability in the organic matrix. MMT is composed of aluminum silicate layers, which are organized in a parallel fashion to form stacks with a regular Van der Waals gap in between them called interlayer spacing or gallery [7][8][9]. Clays are in nature organophobic, but they can be chemically changed into organophilic by replacing the Na ?…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…, K ? , Ca ?2 or Mg ?2 cation originally present in the galleries with one organic cation such as alkylammonium ions via an ion-exchange reaction [8]. Besides this, MMT is naturally occurring, environment friendly, cheap, and readily available in large quantities [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Organically Modified Nanoclay on Thermal and Combustion Properties of Bagasse Reinforced HDPE Nanocomposites

2016

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The nanocomposites of high density polyethylene (HDPE)/bagasse flour (BF) with different contents of the organomodified montmorillonite (OMMT) were produced by melt blending process. The thermal stability and combustion behavior of nanocomposites were characterized by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry, and cone calorimeter tests. The results of TGA data of the nanocomposites indicated that the OMMT greatly enhanced the thermal stability, and char residues of the HDPE/BF blends gradually increased with increasing the OMMT content. The activation energy was determined to describe the energy consumption of the initiation of the thermal degradation process. The composites produced with the 6 phc OMMT had the highest activation energy values among the evaluated composites (106 kJ/mol), whereas composites without nanoclay exhibited the lowest one. Furthermore, as the OMMT was incorporated into the nanocomposites, the melting temperature (T m ), crystallization temperature (T c ) melting enthalpy (DH m ) and crystallinity (X c ) of HDPE/BF blends increased. The findings showed that the OMMT effectively boosted the flame retardancy of nanocomposites due to the formation of the carbonaceous silicate char shields delayed time to ignition and the combustion process was remarkably hindered.

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Challenges and advances in nanocomposite processing techniques

Cited by 436 publications

References 416 publications

A Microstructural Study on the Observed Differences in Charpy Impact Behavior Between Hot Isostatically Pressed and Forged 304L and 316L Austenitic Stainless Steel

A Microstructural Study on the Observed Differences in Charpy Impact Behavior Between Hot Isostatically Pressed and Forged 304L and 316L Austenitic Stainless Steel

Polymer nanocomposites

Influence of Organically Modified Nanoclay on Thermal and Combustion Properties of Bagasse Reinforced HDPE Nanocomposites

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