Challenges and innovations in treating chronic and acute wound infections: from basic science to clinical practice

Abstract

Acute and chronic wound infection has become a major worldwide healthcare burden leading to significantly high morbidity and mortality. The underlying mechanism of infections has been widely investigated by scientist, while standard wound management is routinely been used in general practice. However, strategies for the diagnosis and treatment of wound infections remain a great challenge due to the occurrence of biofilm colonization, delayed healing and drug resistance. In the present review, we summarize the common microorganisms found in acute and chronic wound infections and discuss the challenges from the aspects of clinical diagnosis, non-surgical methods and surgical methods. Moreover, we highlight emerging innovations in the development of antimicrobial peptides, phages, controlled drug delivery, wound dressing materials and herbal medicine, and find that sensitive diagnostics, combined treatment and skin microbiome regulation could be future directions in the treatment of wound infection.

Whole-genome sequencing, annotation, and biological characterization of a novel Siphoviridae phage against multi-drug resistant Propionibacterium acne

“…In 2007, Farrar first reported the genome sequence of P. acne phage PA6 and demonstrated it without the virulence gene ( Farrar et al, 2007 ). Phages are new alternatives to treating antibiotic-resistant bacteria ( Ding et al, 2022 ). In this study, we isolated a lytic phage φPaP11-13 against a clinical multi-drug resistant P. acne strain Pacne11-13 with a typical Siphovirus morphology, icosahedral structure, an untraceable flexible tail, and a polyhedral head.…”

“Universal” Antimicrobial Combination of Bacitracin and His6-OPH with Lactonase Activity, Acting against Various Bacterial and Yeast Cells

“…Talking about the practical potential of the results obtained, and taking into account the mechanism of antimicrobial action of Bacitracin in a composition with QQE, it seems appropriate to surface use of this composition for the treatment of various skin injuries in humans or animals, including burns [ 27 , 28 ], and for the development of improved wound-healing materials, to which the practical interest is high [ 5 , 29 ].…”

Preclinical study of diabetic foot ulcers: From pathogenesis to vivo/vitro models and clinical therapeutic transformation

“…Neutrophils release mediators that amplify the inflammatory response and stimulate VEGF and IL‐8 to produce an adequate repair response. Additionally, neutrophils alter the phenotype and cytokine profile expression of macrophages to produce an innate immune response 18 . Approximately three days after injury, macrophages enter the injury site and support the repair process by phagocytosing pathogens and cellular debris 19 and secreting growth factors, chemokines and cytokines 20 .…”

“…Additionally, neutrophils alter the phenotype and cytokine profile expression of macrophages to produce an innate immune response. 18 Approximately three days after injury, macrophages enter the injury site and support the repair process by phagocytosing pathogens and cellular debris 19 and secreting growth factors, chemokines and cytokines. 20 Furthermore, during the proliferative phase of the healing process, granulation tissue formation and vascular network restoration are the main focus.…”