Challenges and potentials of implementing a smart grid for Pakistan’s electric network

Raza, Muhammad Amir; Aman, M.M.; Abro, Abdul Ghani; Tunio, Mohsin Ali; Khatri, Krishan Lal; Shahid, Muhammad

doi:10.1016/j.esr.2022.100941

Cited by 50 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…The methodology is developed based on the LEAP® tool. LEAP® is an included energy-environment modeling structure [22]. It can be used as an energy accounting framework, which gives an objective and methodical draft of an energy system, evaluation of abatement expenses, and environmental effects [22].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…LEAP® is an included energy-environment modeling structure [22]. It can be used as an energy accounting framework, which gives an objective and methodical draft of an energy system, evaluation of abatement expenses, and environmental effects [22]. The data can be built starting from the demand area to the supply area.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 Introduction P AKISTAN's electricity consumption and power outage continue to increase as the population grows [1]. Electricity infrastructure planning is linked to electricity demand and gross domestic product (GDP), especially in developing countries such as Pakistan [2].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Energy Demand Projection and Economy Nexus of Pakistan

Hussain

2022

QUESTRJ

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In the fundamental study to design sustainable electricity generation, long-term electricity demand forecasting has taken on a crucial role. The Low Emissions Analysis Platform (LEAP®) software is used in this study to estimate the demand for energy by various consumer groups including commercial, residential, agricultural, and industrial for the study period (2023-2050). The electricity demand is forecasted under different Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth scenarios. The developed scenarios are reference, low economic growth, medium economic growth, and high economic growth scenarios. This study identifies the key relationship between energy demand and the economy of Pakistan. It is found that energy demand and the GDP of the country have a direct relationship as one quantity increases, the other one also increases, and vice versa. 3.56% growth rate of GDP under the low GDP growth scenario causes an increment in energy demand from 137.97 million MWh in 2023 to 374.79 million MWh. Medium and high GDP growth scenario pertains to GDP growth rates of 5.79% and 10.22% which causes an increment in energy demand to 652.17 million MWh and 1,244.75 million MWh by 2050. The results of this study are significant and provide insight into electricity demand growth under the economic scenarios that could be useful for sustainable electricity planning in Pakistan.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Energy Demand Projection and Economy Nexus of Pakistan

Hussain

2022

QUESTRJ

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“…SG was chosen as an appealing new technology because it offers up-to-date details on energy use, service delivery, and advantages. According to the authors’ description in [ 40 ], SG augments customers’ access to local energy services by combining wind, heat, power and carbon efficiency. In [ 41 ], the authors demonstrate that SG produces energy at various scales (and costs).…”

Section: Preliminaries: Detailed Analysis Of the Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Users and administrators may have conflicting goals (optimal convenience for users versus optimum operating cost for managers). To maximize build performance, SG 2.0 can control correlations [ 33 , 40 ] (See also Table 5 ).…”

Section: Open Issues and Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy Internet Opportunities in Distributed Peer-to-Peer Energy Trading Reveal by Blockchain for Future Smart Grid 2.0

Zafar

Sami

2022

Sensors

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The Energy Internet (EI) and Smart Grid 2.0 (SG 2.0) concepts are potential challenges in industry and research. The purpose of SG 2.0 and EI is to automate innovative power grid operations. To move from Distribution Network Operators (DSO) to consumer-centric distributed power grid management, the blockchain and smart contracts are applicable. Blockchain technology and integrated SGs will present challenges, limiting the deployment of Distributed Energy Resources (DERs). This review looks at the decentralization of the Smart Grid 2.0 using blockchain technology. Energy trading has increased due to access to distributed energy sources and electricity producers who can financially export surplus fuels. The energy trading system successfully combines energy from multiple sources to ensure consistent and optimal use of available resources and better facilities for energy users. Peer-to-peer (P2P) energy trading is a common field of study that presents some administrative and technical difficulties. This article provides a general overview of P2P energy exchange. It discusses how blockchain can improve transparency and overall performance, including the degree of decentralization, scalability, and device reliability. The research is extended to examine unresolved issues and potential directions for P2P blockchain-based energy sharing in the future. In fact, this paper also demonstrates the importance of blockchain in future smart grid activities and its blockchain-based applications. The study also briefly examines the issues associated with blockchain integration, ensuring the decentralized, secure and scalable operation of autonomous electric grids in the future.

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A simulation model of climate policy analysis for sustainable environment in Pakistan

Raza

Aman

Abro

et al. 2023

Env Prog and Sustain Energy

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This study suggested a plan for making low carbon society (LCS) in Pakistan by 2050.Low Emissions Analysis Platform is used for simulation the entire energy system and forecasted the future CO 2 emissions in relation to the use of renewable and fossil fuel resources under the two scenarios namely high carbon society (HCS) and LCS.Additionally, marginal abatement cost of future energy system is forecasted for the study period 2022-2050. The results revealed that, 100% de-carbonization is possible under the LCS scenario. Further, this scenario suggested that 1123.15 TWh units of green energy are generated to meet the total energy demand of 966.05 TWh till 2050. Biomass has greater share of 380.16 TWh followed by wind 370.67 TWh, solar 358.74 TWh, and hydro 13.58 TWh respectively. CO 2 emissions are reduced from 151.63 million metric tons in HCS scenario to 8.90 million metric tons in LCS scenario till 2050 but cost is increased from 46.36 billion US dollar in HCS scenario to 546.49 billion US dollar in LCS scenario for the year 2050. The technique can also be applicable to the developing, under-developed and developed nations around the globe.

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Challenges and potentials of implementing a smart grid for Pakistan’s electric network

Cited by 50 publications

References 65 publications

Energy Demand Projection and Economy Nexus of Pakistan

Energy Demand Projection and Economy Nexus of Pakistan

Energy Internet Opportunities in Distributed Peer-to-Peer Energy Trading Reveal by Blockchain for Future Smart Grid 2.0

A simulation model of climate policy analysis for sustainable environment in Pakistan

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