Challenges for Healthcare Administration and Delivery

Winters-Miner, Linda A.; Bolding, Pat S.; Hilbe, Joseph M.; Goldstein, Mitchell; Hill, Thomas; Nisbet, Robert; Walton, Nephi; Miner, Gary

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-411643-6.00047-8

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Value is a consideration when offenders assess target suitability (Cohen and Felson 1979:591), and people with greater economic means are likely to have things of greater economic value. SES is an indicator of economic means (Braveman et al 2005, Winters-Miner et al 2015). This index variable (N = 1,324) is the average of five standardized ( z -scored) variables (Cronbach’s α = .864): the natural log of the median household income of the census block group ( N = 1,322), the natural log of the median average home value of owner-occupied houses ( N = 1,286), the natural log of the median cash rent ( N = 1,197), the percentage of the census block group’s estimated population who live in poverty (reverse-coded, N = 1,324), and the percentage of the census block group’s estimated population over the age of 24 who has less than a high school education 4 (reverse-coded, N = 1,324).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Socioeconomic Edge Effect: Rational Crime in Small Areas of Sharp Socioeconomic Contrast

Heinzeroth

2020

Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency

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Objectives: To determine whether criminogenic “edges,” as defined by crime pattern theory, exist at points of sharp contrast of socioeconomic status (SES). Methods: The study uses a quasi-experimental design with pattern matching logic. A series of negative binomial regression models separately examine five different crimes with an economic incentive as dependent variables, and five crimes without an economic incentive as nonequivalent dependent variables, to determine whether census block groups of predominantly and comparatively higher SES than the wider surrounding area experience greater reported rational crime than would otherwise be expected. Results: The census block groups of comparatively higher SES located within and/or near areas of predominantly lower SES experienced one of the five crimes with an economic incentive, robberies by firearm, 40 percent more frequently than would otherwise be expected. Conclusions: The study’s findings are partially consistent with its hypothesis, which is grounded in crime pattern, rational choice, routine activities, and social disorganization theories. The findings encourage future research that may extend the definition of an “edge” under crime pattern theory as well as research at the intersection of criminological theories.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Socioeconomic Edge Effect: Rational Crime in Small Areas of Sharp Socioeconomic Contrast

Heinzeroth

2020

Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency

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“…SES is a complex construct measured by different indicators like education, employment, income, or household conditions [ 6 – 8 ]. Retirement or illness often change the occupation and income status, thus becoming less reliable to determine SES, while education is generally a stable indicator of SES over lifetime and unchanged by working circumstance, age or disease.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In elderly patients, education is one of the most widely used indicators for SES [ 7 ]. SES affects health status throughout life [ 8 ]. For instance, better general health status [ 9 ] and lower mortality [ 10 ] are reported in elderly people with higher SES.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

1-year trajectories of patients undergoing primary total hip arthroplasty: Patient reported outcomes and resource needs according to education level

Gonzalez

Nguyen

Franklin

et al. 2022

BMC Musculoskelet Disord

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Background Objectives were first to evaluate by education level one-year trajectories of pain, function and general health, as well as hospital resource and medication needs in patients undergoing primary total hip arthroplasty (THA); and second, to evaluate whether outcome differences are related to existing baseline differences in health and disease severity. Methods We included all primary THAs from a public hospital-based prospective arthroplasty registry, performed in a high-income country 2010 to 2017. Education was classified in three levels: ≤8years of schooling (low), 9-12years (medium), and ≥13years (high). Pain and function prior to and one-year after surgery were assessed with the Western Ontario McMaster Universities score (WOMAC) and general health with the 12-item short-form health survey (SF-12). Results Overall 963 patients were included, 340 (35.3%) with low, 306 (31.8%) with medium, and 317 (32.9%) with high education. With increasing educational level preoperative scores for pain, function and SF-12 mental health component increased. One year after surgery improvement was observed in all education categories for WOMAC pain and function, SF-12 mental and physical component. However, absolute postoperative scores remained lower in all four domains for the low education group. After adjustment for baseline characteristics differences were much attenuated and no longer significant. There was also greater resource need in low educated patients. Conclusions The inferior absolute results one year after surgery in less educated patients were largely due to older age, worse preoperative health and greater symptom severity calling for greater attention to timely and equal management, for more targeted perioperative care and increased support for the lower education group.

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“…Studies of Lean Hospitals often focused on literature reviews and implementations of case studies [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26]. There is also a dominance of studies reporting successful lean interventions [21,[27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35]. The positive aspects of implementation of LM tools refer both to the economic effects (lowering the unit costs, lowering the costs of studies), as well as organizational effects, such as improving the patient flow [36][37][38][39], shortening the waiting time for procedures [22], reducing the number of unnecessary examinations or shortening the hospitalization time [23,37,40], and human effects (increasing the engagement of employees, satisfaction from implemented improvements or change of the method of work from individual to team work) [24,[41][42][43].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the Level of Practical and Theoretical Knowledge as a Starting Point for the Implementation of Lean Hospital Concept

Chmielarz,

Wieczorek-Wojcik,

Zdęba-Mozoła

et al. 2023

Systems

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Background: The implementation of the Lean Hospitals concept can contribute to the improvement of internal processes in healthcare organizations. The level of a management team’s knowledge is an important part of effective implementation of Lean Hospital elements in hospitals. The purpose of this article is to determine the degree of theoretical and practical knowledge of Lean Hospitals (defined for the purposes of the study as a set of lean tools) among the management teams of Polish hospitals. The authors focused on examining the discrepancy between practical and theoretical knowledge to determine which of them is less prevalent in hospitals in order to correctly establish elements of the implementation procedures, which must be improved and perfected to more effectively implement the lean concept in healthcare. Methods: The research methods used to achieve the study objectives included, respectively, an analysis of the literature on the subject and gathering of data using the Qualtrics Platform with a CAWI survey. Respondents rated their level of knowledge regarding Lean Hospital tools on a Likert scale. Basic descriptive statistics and radar diagrams were used to analyze and present the data. Statistical analysis was performed using Excel spreadsheets. Results: It was established that the vast majority of management teams in the studied hospitals had limited basic knowledge about Lean Hospitals, if any. The greatest lack of knowledge was found in the field of practical (implementation) knowledge of Lean Hospital tools. The research found no significant discrepancy between the level of theoretical and practical knowledge at the level of general knowledge and detailed knowledge relating to the knowledge of individual lean tools. The standardized work tool was rated best in terms of self-assessing practical knowledge. The worst rated tools in terms of both theoretical and practical knowledge self-assessment were Kaizen, Kanban and TPM. Conclusions: The results of the conducted studies indicate a low level of knowledge and advancement in the implementation of the Lean Hospitals concept in selected Polish hospitals. Limited knowledge of the Lean Hospital concept was established for entire management teams. A low level of knowledge was noted in both theoretical and practical knowledge. Supplementing knowledge only at the theoretical level without taking care of the practical knowledge aspect may prolong the implementation procedure or stop it completely. Therefore, based on the result of the research, it can be concluded that the first stage of lean implementation in hospitals should focus on supplementing the knowledge and preparing the employees for work in a lean culture, diverting particular attention to the practical part of the training.

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Challenges for Healthcare Administration and Delivery

Cited by 10 publications

References 5 publications

A Socioeconomic Edge Effect: Rational Crime in Small Areas of Sharp Socioeconomic Contrast

A Socioeconomic Edge Effect: Rational Crime in Small Areas of Sharp Socioeconomic Contrast

1-year trajectories of patients undergoing primary total hip arthroplasty: Patient reported outcomes and resource needs according to education level

Assessment of the Level of Practical and Theoretical Knowledge as a Starting Point for the Implementation of Lean Hospital Concept

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