Challenges for the disaster workforce during a compound hurricane–pandemic

Marshall, Jennifer; Yusuf, Juita‐Elena; Dunn, Elizabeth; Merlo, Kelsey L.; Behr, Joshua G.; Shekari, A Michael; Scott, Blake; Cruz, Melanie; Whytlaw, Jennifer; Hutton, Nicole S.

doi:10.5055/jem.0591

Cited by 3 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…Risk varies for organizations and communities based on both socio-economic conditions and the hazardousness of the location in which they operate (Blaikie et al 2014). Marshall et al (2021) found that emergency shelter providers from all sectors reported workforce and budget strains resulting from the pandemic. Volunteers and funding decrease while operating costs and staffing needs from implementing distancing protocols and securing personal protective equipment (PPE) increase (Rao and Greve 2018).…”

Section: Shelter Resilience To the Covid-19 Pandemic And The Resultin...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Volunteers and funding decrease while operating costs and staffing needs from implementing distancing protocols and securing personal protective equipment (PPE) increase (Rao and Greve 2018). These staffing and funding challenges threaten operational capacity and have the potential to reduce shelter utilization, thereby placing vulnerable populations at heightened risk (AbouAssi et al 2019; Maher, Hoang, and Hindery 2020; Marshall et al 2021; Whytlaw et al 2021).…”

Section: Shelter Resilience To the Covid-19 Pandemic And The Resultin...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Marshall et al (2021) found that emergency shelter providers from all sectors reported workforce and budget strains resulting from the pandemic. Volunteers and funding decrease while operating costs and staffing needs from implementing distancing protocols and securing personal protective equipment (PPE) increase (Rao and Greve 2018).…”

Section: Shelter Resilience To the Covid-19 Pandemic And The Resultin...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Added costs of attracting and retaining workers may have benefitted from funding designated for workforce stabilization efforts, but those funds were only temporary, so ongoing incentive programs and provisions to ensure health and safety may continue to strain budgets in the future. The ongoing psychological health ramifications of providing emergency shelter during a pandemic, identified in 2020 (Marshall et al 2021), will require, but have not yet benefited from, coordinated programming to reduce the lasting effects.…”

Section: Changes In Resource Utilizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Emergency services, such as those associated with the provision of food, shelter, and healthcare, are designated as essential services (Mirabella et al 2020). During the COVID-19 pandemic, many providers of essential emergency services sought guidance from the government on how to accomplish service delivery while limiting virus transmission, including guidance on safety protocols to protect their workers and clients, ways to deliver services virtually, and approaches to promote attendance when in-person service provision was required (Marshall et al 2021). In addition, during this time of strain induced by the COVID-19 pandemic and the lockdowns used to manage contagion (Cajner et al 2020), these service providers struggled financially and faced potential labor shortages.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Resilience to hazards overlapping a pandemic: A shelter resource stabilization model

Hutton,

Whytlaw,

Behr

et al. 2023

International Journal of Mass Emergencies & Disasters

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COVID-19 and the resulting financial impacts had budget and workforce implications for organizations involved in emergency shelter provision. To address distancing and sanitation protocols as well as virus transmission and vaccination rates, shelter supplies, facility modifications, and staffing adjustments were needed. As funding and authorizations to implement public health guidance and stabilize the workforce expired, emergency managers had to determine whether to continue pandemic protocols. In order to understand these relationships, we conducted a workshop in September 2021 with 137 emergency managers, public health leaders, and other government and nonprofit practitioners from 20 states, the U.S. Virgin Islands, and Canada to identify resource reallocation strategies utilized for sheltering from post-lockdown to post-vaccine periods of the COVID-19 pandemic. We applied a fiscal recovery framework to explore how these operational changes were influenced by and have implications for fiscal and policy support as well as operational adaptability. Results show that as fiscal and policy support waned, some pandemic protocols were suspended, thereby shifting and reducing human and facility resource needs. Distancing protocols benefited from improvements in masking, vaccine, and testing availability without consistent mandates, but non-congregate shelter provision was reduced as authorizations and funding expired. Modified service contracts and increased utilization of special needs registries can realign resources with health and safety needs. Based on participant responses, we developed a Retractable Stabilization Model to indicate how shelter resources can be reallocated and supported by future policy interventions to provide a range of emergency sheltering options during pandemics and overlapping hazards.

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Section: Shelter Resilience To the Covid-19 Pandemic And The Resultin...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Shelter Resilience To the Covid-19 Pandemic And The Resultin...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Shelter Resilience To the Covid-19 Pandemic And The Resultin...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Changes In Resource Utilizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Resilience to hazards overlapping a pandemic: A shelter resource stabilization model

Hutton,

Whytlaw,

Behr

et al. 2023

International Journal of Mass Emergencies & Disasters

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Volunteers' perceived preparedness, training, experiences and satisfaction in a mass COVID‐19 pandemic vaccine clinic

Lin,

Nnaka,

Horton

et al. 2023

Contingencies & Crisis Mgmt

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In this paper, we present formal and informal volunteers' perceived experiences of a mass vaccination clinic for COVID‐19 in central Texas. Volunteers at one or more of our team's vaccination events responded to an anonymous survey to share perceptions of their preparedness, training experiences, communication effectiveness and satisfaction, to help us identify opportunities to improve volunteer training and engagement for responses to pandemics. Overall, the volunteers perceived their work to be meaningful, felt prepared and were satisfied with their experiences as volunteers. A dedicated team that communicates well and emphasizes a team approach is key to success, especially in unprecedented situations such as the COVID‐19 pandemic. Implications for future volunteer training and involvement in disaster responses are discussed.

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The role of resilience in the relationship between role stress and psychological well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study

2023

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Background Stress resistance resources, such as social support and resilience, have been found to be important in promoting psychological well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, most prior research studies have conceptualized stress resistance resource variables as having a mediating or moderating role. Cooper (2018) proposed a model of the relationship between stress and health which posits that coping resources are always present and not only invoked in the face of adversity. Thus, we hypothesize that coping resources are causally antecedent to stressors and influence well-being indirectly via the stressor. We focused specifically on school teachers due to them being at the frontlines of service provision during the pandemic. Teaching was already identified as a highly stressful profession prior to COVID-19 and disease containment measures placed additional strain on teachers who had to adapt to emergency remote teaching. Aim The current study tests this hypothesis by examining the indirect effects of resilience on indices of psychological health via role stress. Methods Participants (N = 355) were teachers who completed the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale-10, the Role Stress Scale, the Satisfaction with Life Scale, the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory-Trait Scale, and the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale. An electronic version of the questionnaires was distributed to teachers via Facebook and to officials from the Department of Education, who assisted with distribution of the electronic link to the survey. Participants were mostly women (76.6%) and mean number of years in the teaching profession was 15.7. Results Structural equation modelling results demonstrated significant direct effects of resilience on life satisfaction, anxiety, and depression, which indicates that resilience is beneficial for psychological health even in the absence of stress. Resilience also had a significant indirect effect on indices of psychological well-being via role ambiguity but not role conflict. Conclusion These findings have theoretical implications for the understanding of the role of resilience in promoting psychological health among educators. Practical implications include an empirical contribution to education policy and information that can inform interventions aimed to promote resilience among educators.

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Challenges for the disaster workforce during a compound hurricane–pandemic

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Resilience to hazards overlapping a pandemic: A shelter resource stabilization model

Resilience to hazards overlapping a pandemic: A shelter resource stabilization model

Volunteers' perceived preparedness, training, experiences and satisfaction in a mass COVID‐19 pandemic vaccine clinic

The role of resilience in the relationship between role stress and psychological well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study

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