Challenges for the future of ports. What can be learnt from the Spanish Mediterranean ports?

Nebot, Nuria; Jiménez, Carlos Jesús Rosa; Ninot, Ricard Pié; Perea-Medina, Beatriz

doi:10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2016.12.016

Cited by 40 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…(1) breakwater design (Koc 2009), (2) quay wall design (Roubos et al 2018), (3) land reclamation (Lendering et al 2015), and (4) dredging (Nebot et al 2017). When conducting a literature review on peer-reviewed research containing checklists that can be used in risk identification for construction projects, it appears that publications can be categorized as follows:…”

Section: Published Research On Construction Project Risksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Construction Risks for a Shipping Port and Container Terminal: Case Study

Joubert

Pretorius

2020

J. Waterway, Port, Coastal, Ocean Eng.

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This paper presents the risk identification process, a checklist of 215 different risks, and an associated risk breakdown structure (RBS) for the design and construction phases for a shipping port and associated container terminal. The case study project scope for the research includes a 3,500-m breakwater, 80 ha of reclaimed land, a 1,000-m-long quay wall, port equipment, and buildings. The checklist is categorized according to the project work breakdown structure (WBS) and includes risks associated with (1) breakwater, (2) reclaimed land, (3) entrance canal and basin, (4) quay wall, (5) container yard and buildings, (6) power supply, and (7) project management office. Since the research outcome was developed by subject matter experts during an actual project, it can be used during risk identification, as a completeness check after risk identification on similar projects, or for individual activities (e.g., quay wall construction) per the required project scope. The research also includes a list of risks that specifically relate to marine construction.

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Section: Published Research On Construction Project Risksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Construction Risks for a Shipping Port and Container Terminal: Case Study

Joubert

Pretorius

2020

J. Waterway, Port, Coastal, Ocean Eng.

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“…Alternative solutions with less ecosystem impacts could be possible. For example, improving the efficiency or utilization of the existing port infrastructure [11,38], redistributing or repurposing such infrastructure [1,39], increasing the cooperation between ports through enhanced networking [7,11,40], or improving other modes of transportation such as railways, roads, and airports and their interconnections [7]. Also, these solutions could have negative ecosystem impacts (and other externalities), which should be compared to those of a port development to determine the most appropriate solution.…”

Section: Level 1-alternatives To Port Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At this point, a port development becomes inevitable and an appropriate site needs to be selected. From an ecosystem point of view, extending and requalifying established ('brownfield') port infrastructure at an existing site is usually preferable to developing a new site [7]. Because the marine and terrestrial infrastructures of existing ports are already in place, the additional impacts of further port development are anticipated to be less severe than for new port developments in pristine or limitedly impacted marine environments.…”

Section: Level 2-port Site Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These strategic assets [1] are located in complex environments characterized by interactions between physical networks (e.g., infrastructure, transport networks), socio-economic influences (e.g., employment opportunities, 2 of 19 port-city relations), and ecological system processes (e.g., sediment transport, fish migration, coastal habitat dynamics). Whereas most research is focused on the technical and managerial aspects of port developments, awareness is growing that ports can have large and long-term regional effects on communities and ecosystems [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. These impacts or externalities often exceed the scale of the port development itself and can be both positive and negative.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Identifying Ecosystem-Based Alternatives for the Design of a Seaport’s Marine Infrastructure: The Case of Tema Port Expansion in Ghana

Boer

Slinger

Kangeri³

et al. 2019

Sustainability

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Long-term sustainable port development requires accounting for the intrinsic values of ecosystems. However, in practice, ecosystem considerations often only enter the planning and design process of ports when required by an Environmental Impact Assessment. At this late stage, most of the design is already fixed and opportunities to minimize and restore ecosystem impacts are limited. In this paper, we adopt a large-scale, ecosystem perspective on port development with the aim to identify ecosystem-based design alternatives earlier and throughout the planning and design of a port’s marine infrastructure. We present a framework, termed the ‘ecosystem-based port design hierarchy’ (EPDH), to identify ecosystem-based alternatives at four hierarchical design levels: 1) alternatives to port developments, 2) port site selection, 3) port layout design, and 4) design of structures and materials. In applying the EPDH framework retrospectively to a case study of port expansion in Tema, Ghana, we establish that ecosystem considerations played only a limited role in identifying and evaluating alternatives at all four design levels in the case study, whereas more eco-friendly alternatives in terms of port layouts, structures, and materials are identified using the EPDH framework. This reveals that opportunities for ecosystem-friendly port designs may have been missed and demonstrates the need for and the potential added value of our framework. The framework can assist practitioners in earlier and wider identification of ecosystem-based alternatives for a port’s marine infrastructure in future seaport developments and, hence, represents an important step towards more sustainable port designs.

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“…To facilitate this growth in throughput, several new seaport developments are being planned and constructed [1]. At the same time, awareness of the need to harmonize seaports with ecosystems and society is growing [2][3][4][5]. In sedimentary environments, the adverse impacts of port structures on the evolution of the adjacent coastline are often of concern [6][7][8][9][10][11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping the Sandy Beach Evolution Around Seaports at the Scale of the African Continent

Boer

Mao

Hagenaars

et al. 2019

JMSE

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In Africa, several new seaport developments are being considered. In sedimentary environments, such port developments can have adverse impacts on the evolution of adjacent coastlines. To learn from past port engineering practice, we created a unique database containing the coastline evolution and characteristics of 130 existing African seaports. Whereas the systematic mapping of coastal impacts was previously hampered by data availability, innovative automated satellite image processing techniques have enabled us to intercompare ports at an unprecedented continental scale. We found large geographical differences with respect to the beach evolution. The total detected changes in the beach area between 1984 and 2018 totaled 44 km2, of which ca. 23 km2 is accretion and ca. 21 km2 is erosion. The top 10% “hotspot” ports account for more than 65% of these changes. These hotspots exhibit common characteristics, namely: they are located on open coastlines, have large alongshore sediment transport potential, and have large cross-shore breakwaters. Although these driving characteristics are well established in coastal engineering theory, our results indicate that the beaches adjacent to the existing seaports have been and remain seriously affected by these drivers. Our results can be used to inform beach maintenance strategies for existing seaports and to support planners and engineers to minimize long-term coastal impacts of port expansions and new port developments in Africa in the future.

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Challenges for the future of ports. What can be learnt from the Spanish Mediterranean ports?

Cited by 40 publications

References 17 publications

Design and Construction Risks for a Shipping Port and Container Terminal: Case Study

Design and Construction Risks for a Shipping Port and Container Terminal: Case Study

Identifying Ecosystem-Based Alternatives for the Design of a Seaport’s Marine Infrastructure: The Case of Tema Port Expansion in Ghana

Mapping the Sandy Beach Evolution Around Seaports at the Scale of the African Continent

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