Challenges in Controlling Verticillium Wilt by the Use of Nonchemical Methods

Lazarovits, George; Subbarao, K. V.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4020-8804-9_18

Cited by 14 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…have been found to be the most successful green manures for disease management in a broad spectrum of crops (Bhat and Subbarao 2001;Lazarovits and Subbarao 2010;Matthiessen and Kirkegaard 2006;Shetty et al 2000). Koike et al (1994) showed that broccoli residue plowed into soil reduced Verticillium wilt in the subsequent crops planted.…”

Section: Green Manuresmentioning

confidence: 98%

Managing Soilborne Disease of Potatoes Using Ecologically Based Approaches

Lazarovits

2010

Am. J. Pot Res

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Soil fumigation and planting resistant cultivars remain the primary means for control of soilborne plant diseases. Fumigation however, is being constrained by increased costs, urbanization, and its negative environmental impacts. Resistance genes to soilborne pathogens are not available for many crop species. Using verticillium wilt as model disease we examined the potential of non chemical alternatives, specifically the use of organic amendments and green manures, as disease management tools. Application of organic products reduces disease incidence in controlled settings but its application in commercial use was hampered by inconsistent efficacy. Studies now have demonstrated that by-products of animal and plant production, such as meat and bone meal, feather meal, poultry and swine manure, soy meal, etc. can significantly reduce diseases but that the level of control obtained is product and soil specific. Three mechanisms of action for pathogen reduction were identified: 1) generation of toxic compounds such as ammonia and nitrous acid from high nitrogen-containing materials, 2) presence of volatile fatty acids (e.g. vinegar) and 3) alterations in biological agents that may suppress the activity of plant pathogens. For products that work mostly through the generation of active chemical ingredients, knowing the properties that regulate efficacy allows targeting their use to specific locations and thus, increased activity and consistency. Much less is known about how such materials influence rhizosphere residents involved in regulating plant health. New molecular technologies are being implemented to identify key players in maintaining root health. Through an understanding of the microbial soil ecosystem we should be able to develop disease control strategies that are more economical to growers and are more environmentally benign.Resumen La fumigación del suelo y el uso de variedades resistentes permanecen como los primeros medios para controlar las enfermedades vegetales originadas en el suelo. No obstante, la fumigación está siendo limitada por el aumento en los costos, la urbanización, y sus impactos ambientales negativos. Los genes de resistencia a los patógenos del suelo no están disponibles para muchas especies de cultivos. Usando el modelo de enfermedad del marchitamiento por verticillium, examinamos el potencial de alternativas no químicas, específicamente el uso de mejoradores orgánicos y abonos verdes, como herramientas para el manejo de enfermedades. La aplicación de productos orgánicos reduce la incidencia de la enfermedad en condiciones controladas, pero su aplicación en uso comercial se impidió por eficacia inconsistente. Ahora los estudios han demostrado que los sub-productos de la producción vegetal y animal, tales como carne y harina de hueso o de plumas, estiércol de bovinos y cerdos, harina de soya, etc., pueden reducir las enfermedades significativamente, pero el nivel de control obtenido es producto específico del suelo. Se identificaron tres mecanismos de acción para la reducción del patóge...

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Section: Green Manuresmentioning

confidence: 98%

Managing Soilborne Disease of Potatoes Using Ecologically Based Approaches

Lazarovits

2010

Am. J. Pot Res

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“…gemmifera). In several studies, broccoli not only significantly reduced resident soil microsclerotia, but also wilt incidence and severity in subsequent susceptible crops, preventing the build up of soil inoculum (91,140,151,152,168). Unlike soil fumigants, rotations with broccoli did not eradicate the pathogen, but maintained soil microsclerotia below the threshold at which crop losses accrue, despite the cultivation of susceptible crops such as strawberry or cauliflower (140,152).…”

Section: Management Of Verticillium Sppmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, it is clear from the high susceptibility of many crucifer crops to V. dahliae, including strains from crucifer crops, that not all glucosinolates and their catabolic products are involved in pathogen suppression. However, V. dahliae suppression by broccoli remains effective long after the volatilization of the isothiocyanates and is independent of glucosinolate content (91), suggesting that other biological factors are involved. Interestingly, preserved soil samples from field plots infested with a long-spored crucifer strain and planted to broccoli in the mid-1990s inhibit weed growth and have remained microsclerotia-free.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Evaluation of organic amendments for the management of V. dahliae has been explored intensively over the past decade (91). Criteria used for product evaluation have included ability to enhance crop growth; the potential for use at the field scale; whether environmentally safe; availability and effectiveness of byproducts from the meat, fishery, paper, and other industries; lower cost; and consistency between batches; (6,30).…”

Section: Klosterman Et Almentioning

confidence: 99%

“…First, microbial degradation of proteins in the above products releases NH 4 + ions into soil and as soil pH rises, accumulation of NH 4 equilibrium (pK a ) between NH 4 + ↔ NH 3 occurring at pH 9.3. Whereas NH 4 + is nontoxic even at high concentrations, NH 3 is highly toxic (91). This mechanism becomes progressively less effective with increasing levels of soil organic matter as NH 4 + is rapidly converted into nitrate (NO 3 − ), which is pathogen nonsuppressive (156).…”

Section: Klosterman Et Almentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diversity, Pathogenicity, and Management of Verticillium Species

Klosterman

Atallah

Vallad

et al. 2009

Annu. Rev. Phytopathol.

649

564

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The genus Verticillium encompasses phytopathogenic species that cause vascular wilts of plants. In this review, we focus on Verticillium dahliae, placing emphasis on the controversy surrounding the elevation of a long-spored variant as a new species, recent advances in the analysis of compatible and incompatible interactions, highlighted by the use of strains expressing fluorescent proteins, and the genetic diversity among Verticillium spp. A synthesis of the approaches to explore genetic diversity, gene flow, and the potential for cryptic recombination is provided. Control of Verticillium wilt has relied on a panoply of chemical and nonchemical strategies, but is beset with environmental or site-specific efficacy problems. Host resistance remains the most logical choice, but is unavailable in most crops. The genetic basis of resistance to Verticillium wilt is unknown in most crops, as are the subcellular signaling mechanisms associated with Ve-mediated, race-specific resistance. Increased understanding in each of these areas promises to facilitate management of Verticillium wilts across a broad range of crops.

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Soil and Substrate Health

Gamliel

2020

Integrated Pest and Disease Management in Greenhouse Crops

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Challenges in Controlling Verticillium Wilt by the Use of Nonchemical Methods

Cited by 14 publications

References 72 publications

Managing Soilborne Disease of Potatoes Using Ecologically Based Approaches

Managing Soilborne Disease of Potatoes Using Ecologically Based Approaches

Diversity, Pathogenicity, and Management of Verticillium Species

Soil and Substrate Health

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