Challenges in selection and breeding of polled and scur phenotypes in beef cattle

Grobler, Rulien; Marle-Köster, E. van; Visser, Carina

doi:10.1016/j.livsci.2021.104479

Cited by 8 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…PLOS ONE 2 = scur and 3 = horned) following the guidelines reported by Grobler et al [18]. Moreover, the animals were assessed using a three-point scale (1 = light, 2 = moderate and 3 = dark) (Table 2).…”

Section: Hip Height (Hh)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological characterization of Sussex cattle at Huntersvlei farm, Free State Province, South Africa

Bila,

Malatji,

Tyasi

2023

PLoS ONE

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Sussex cattle breed is characterized by their distinctive solid red coat colour and white tail switch. Sussex cattle are known for being easy to handle and manage, making them an ideal choice for cattle farmers. The phenotypic characterization of this cattle breed in South Africa is unknown. Hence, the objective of this study was to characterize the morphological structure, phenotypic and body indices traits of Sussex cattle in South Africa at Huntersvlei farm, Frere State province of South Africa. One hundred and one weaners (n = 101) between 6 and 8 months old (female = 57 and male = 44) and fifty yearlings between 12 and 15 months old (female = 15 and male = 35) were used in this study. Body weight at weaning, yearling and linear body measurements such as head length (HL), head width (HW), ear length (EL), ear width (EW), sternum height (SH), withers height (WH), heart girth (HG), hip height (HH), body length (BL), rump length (RL), and rump width (RW) were measured. Moreover, the animals were assessed for coat colour and horn presence. Descriptive statistics, Pearson’s correlation and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) were used to describe the Sussex cattle breed. The results indicated that male Sussex cattle had highly significant (p < 0.01) mean numeric values for the BW and morphometric traits. The results further showed that Sussex cattle had highly significant (p < 0.01) increase for the BW and morphometric traits as age advances in all sexes. Interaction effect of sex and age showed a highly significant (p < 0.01) effect with BW and measured morphometric traits, while moderately significant (p < 0.05) with EW. Male Sussex cattle showed highly significant (p < 0.01) higher mean numeric values for the body index (BI), length index (LI) and compact index (CI) indices. While female Sussex animals showed highly significant (p < 0.01) mean numeric values for area index (AI) and proportionality (PR). Body weight showed a positive highly significant (p < 0.01) correlation with the measured morphometric traits except for the moderate significant (p < 0.05) correlation with EL. Coat colour traits ranged from 15 (9.93%), 103 (68.21%) to 33 (21.85%) for light, moderate and dark colours, respectively. While horn presence traits ranged from 48 (31.79%), 42 (27.81%) to 61 (40.40%) for polled, scur and horned respectively. The PCA results extracted only two components in both sexes of the animals. The morphological variations obtained in this study could be complemented by performance data and molecular markers of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) to guide the overall breed characterization, conservation and development of appropriate breeding and selection strategies.

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Section: Hip Height (Hh)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological characterization of Sussex cattle at Huntersvlei farm, Free State Province, South Africa

Bila,

Malatji,

Tyasi

2023

PLoS ONE

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“…However, with the rapid development of farming, horns will cause injury to other cattle and farm staff on intensive farms. The sharpness of the horns can increase the risk of physical damage to vital areas such as the udder, which can reduce the lifetime economic benefit of the cow [ 1 , 2 ]. In today’s cluster farming environment, cattle no longer need horns to defend themselves against predators and the presence of horns has become a constraint to the high-quality development and safety of large-scale dairy farming [ 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Uncovering Novel Features of the Pc Locus in Horn Development from Gene-Edited Holstein Cattle by RNA-Sequencing Analysis

Wang

Zhu²,

Hu³

et al. 2022

IJMS

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The Polled Celtic (Pc) mutation locus is a genetically simple single mutation that is the best choice for breeding polled cattle using gene editing. However, the mechanism of the Pc locus for regulating horn development is unclear, so we used gene editing, somatic cell nuclear transfer and embryo transfer to obtain polled Holstein fetal bovine (gestation time 90 days) with a homozygous Pc insertion (gene-edited Holstein fetal bovine, EH) and the wild-type 90 days Holstein fetal bovine (WH) as controls. The hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining results showed that, compared to the WH, the EH horn buds had no white keratinized projections or vacuolated keratinocytes and no thick nerve bundles under the dermal tissue. Furthermore, DNA sequencing results showed that the Pc locus was homozygously inserted into the fetal bovine genome. A total of 791 differentially expressed genes were identified by transcriptome sequencing analysis. Enrichment analysis and protein interaction analysis results of differentially expressed genes showed that abundant gene changes after Pc insertion were associated with the adhesion molecule regulation, actin expression, cytoskeletal deformation and keratin expression and keratinization. It was also noted that the results contained several genes that had been reported to be associated with the development of horn traits, such as RXFP2 and TWIST1. This study identified these changes for the first time and summarized them. The results suggested that the Pc mutant locus may inhibit neural crest cell EMT generation and keratin expression, leading to failures in neural crest cell migration and keratinization of the horn bud tissue, regulating the production of the polled phenotype.

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Welfare Issues in Goat Farming and Management

Berthelot,

Aupiais,

Boivin

et al. 2024

Animal Welfare

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Challenges in selection and breeding of polled and scur phenotypes in beef cattle

Cited by 8 publications

References 52 publications

Morphological characterization of Sussex cattle at Huntersvlei farm, Free State Province, South Africa

Morphological characterization of Sussex cattle at Huntersvlei farm, Free State Province, South Africa

Uncovering Novel Features of the Pc Locus in Horn Development from Gene-Edited Holstein Cattle by RNA-Sequencing Analysis

Welfare Issues in Goat Farming and Management

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