Challenges in the development of metal-halide perovskite single crystal solar cells

Abstract

Metal halide perovskites (MHPs) as a new generation of optoelectronic materials, have attracted a surge of attention due to their remarkable intrinsic properties. Despite the tremendous advances for their polycrystalline...

Intrinsic stability of perovskite materials and their operational stability in light-emitting diodes

“…However, due to the trap states and defects at different interfaces, there can be non-radiative recombination, such as trap-assisted recombination, Auger, and interface-induced recombination. Trap levels are generated in MHPs due to metal halide antisites, interstitial halide vacancies, and organic site vacancies [35][36][37][38] Fig. 3a shows the trap-assisted non-radiative recombination mechanism (process 2).…”

Investigating inorganic perovskite as absorber materials in perovskite solar cells: machine learning analysis and optimization

“…MHPs solar cells have shown impressive power conversion efficiencies (PCE), rapidly surpassing other thin-film solar technologies [22,23]. Long carrier diffusion lengths and high defect tolerance are only a couple of the distinctive optoelectronic characteristics that give MHPs an edge in solar energy conversion [24,25]. However, MHPs also pose difficulties that research communities are trying to solve.…”

Can thick metal-halide perovskite single crystals have narrower optical bandgaps with near-infrared absorption?

“…[9][10][11][12][13] Compared to polycrystalline thin films, MHP single crystals are free of grain boundaries, ensuring their much higher charge-carrier mobility and diffusion length. 12,[14][15][16][17][18] Since the first report on the synthesis of bulk MAPbI 3 (MA = CH 3 NH 3 ) single crystals, the optoelectronic properties of various compositions of MHP single crystals have been investigated, which distinguish MHP single crystals from their polycrystalline thin films. Among the highlights of these superior features is that in comparison to polycrystalline thin films with a thickness of several hundreds of nanometres, the absorption range of MHP single crystals is considerably redshifted to the near-infrared (NIR) region due to the enhancement of below-bandgap absorption.…”

“…Among the highlights of these superior features is that in comparison to polycrystalline thin films with a thickness of several hundreds of nanometres, the absorption range of MHP single crystals is considerably redshifted to the near-infrared (NIR) region due to the enhancement of below-bandgap absorption. 14,[19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28] Absorbance ranging from the visible to the NIR region is regarded as a critical prerequisite to increase the performance of the corresponding optoelectronic devices. 29,30 Meanwhile, MHP single crystals have been widely featured with the ability of continuously reconciling their absorption spectra over a wide range of wavelengths extended to the NIR area by tuning their bulk thickness.…”

“…29,30 Meanwhile, MHP single crystals have been widely featured with the ability of continuously reconciling their absorption spectra over a wide range of wavelengths extended to the NIR area by tuning their bulk thickness. 14,[19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28] By calculating the optical bandgap of the materials by extrapolating the linear region of the absorption edge to the energy-axis intercept, it can be concluded that MHPs in single crystals show a substantially narrower bandgap than that of their thin-film counterparts. This feature has been highlighted to enhance the photon harvesting performance of MHP single crystals, particularly for solar cell devices with much higher photocurrent generation, and photodetectors with a controlled response spectrum.…”