Challenges of infectious diseases in the USA

Khabbaz, Rima F.; Moseley, Robin R.; Steiner, Riley J.; Levitt, Alexandra; Bell, Beth P.

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(14)60890-4

Cited by 97 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…They were also more likely to report having untreated chronic conditions. These findings are consistent with those from other studies that demonstrate the racial disparities in chronic disease burden (e.g., Bauer, Briss, Goodman, & Bowman, 2014; Bravemen et al, 2011; Khabbaz, Moseley, Steiner, Levitt, & Bell, 2014). Furthermore, individuals who reported substances other than marijuana as their primary drug problem were more likely to report a chronic illness as well as unmet health needs.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Identifying and Addressing the Unmet Health Care Needs of Drug Court Clients

Dugosh¹,

Festinger²,

Lipkin³

2016

Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment

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Drug courts address issues such as employment and housing, but largely miss the opportunity to address important healthcare issues. The current study examined the prevalence and correlates of chronic medical conditions among a sample of drug court clients who were participating in a clinical trial of an intervention to reduce HIV risk. A total of 256 clients completed a health survey at entry into the drug court program and 9-months post-entry. The baseline health survey included a comprehensive list of chronic medical conditions, and participants were asked to indicate which, if any, they had ever been diagnosed as having. They were also asked to indicate whether or not they were currently receiving treatment for each chronic condition that they endorsed. The follow-up survey was identical to the baseline survey with the exception that it contained items reflecting (1) whether or not any member of the drug court team engaged in discussion with the client about each of the chronic conditions reported and (2) whether the client received a referral to medical care for endorsed conditions while in the drug court program. Results indicated that over 50% of clients reported at least one chronic condition and 21% reported more than one condition. Among those with chronic conditions, 71% reported having chronic conditions for which they were not currently receiving treatment. Unfortunately, drug court clients reported that the drug court team did little to address these unmet health needs. Findings from this study suggest clients could benefit if drug court programs began to widen their focus to include addressing health-related issues.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Identifying and Addressing the Unmet Health Care Needs of Drug Court Clients

Dugosh¹,

Festinger²,

Lipkin³

2016

Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment

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“…Bacterial pathogens are the primary etiological agents in foodborne illnesses (Khabbaz et al, 2014). This study reports bacterial contamination in a large proportion of food products available at retail markets in Cartagena, Colombia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Relatedness Among Escherichia coli Pathotypes Isolated from Food Products for Human Consumption in Cartagena, Colombia

Amézquita-Montes

Tamborski

Kopsombut

et al. 2015

Foodborne Pathogens and Disease

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Foodborne pathogens are a leading cause of mild-to-severe gastrointestinal illnesses worldwide. Escherichia coli pathotypes have been known to cause gastrointestinal illnesses in children less than 5 years old in Colombia. However, insufficient information is available on the prevalence of E. coli contamination of food products and the kind of E. coli food product reservoirs. The two objectives of this study were designed to address this issue. The first objective was to ascertain coliform, E. coli, and pathogenic E. coli contamination of food products readily available for human consumption in Cartagena, Colombia. The second objective was to evaluate the relationship between pathogenic E. coli isolated from food products and those isolated from cases of diarrhea in children. Food product samples consisting of pasteurized milk, unpasteurized fruit juice, ground beef, cheese, and vegetables were obtained at four retail stores. The food samples were cultured in liquid media and tested for the presence of coliforms and E. coli. E. coli isolates were tested by polymerase chain reaction for the presence of pathogenic E. coli. Coliforms, E. coli, and E. coli intestinal pathotypes contamination were detected in 88.4%, 53%, and 2.1% of food product samples, respectively. Ground beef and cheese were the only food samples contaminated with E. coli intestinal pathotypes including enteropathogenic (EPEC), Shiga toxinproducing (STEC), and enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC). Closed multilocus sequencing typing relationships between diarrheagenic E. coli isolates from food products and from individuals with diarrhea suggest that food products readily available at public markets in Cartagena can transmit ETEC and possibly EPEC and STEC. We demonstrated that a high proportion of food products for human consumption available at public markets in Cartagena are contaminated with coliforms, E. coli, and E. coli intestinal pathogens. Furthermore, food products containing E. coli intestinal pathogens may be involved in the transmission of foodborne illnesses among children in Cartagena, Colombia.

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“…1,2 Both linezolid and daptomycin are new antibiotics active against MRSA, which have been added to the pre-existing arsenal that includes glycopeptides, such as vancomycin and teicoplanin, as firstline parenteral agents against systemic MRSA infections. 3 Although different scenarios can lead to the use of these drugs in hospitalized patients, the most important factor in their overall use should be the local burden of MRSA.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between consumption of MRSA-active antibiotics and burden of MRSA in acute care hospitals in Catalonia, Spain

Grau

Fondevilla

Freixas

et al. 2014

Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy

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Objectives:To analyse the possible relationship between consumption of old and new MRSA-active antibiotics and burden of MRSA in acute care hospitals in Catalonia during the period 2007-12.Methods: Fifty-four hospitals participating in the VINCat Programme were included. Proportion of MRSA (resistant isolates of Staphylococcus aureus per 100 isolates of S. aureus tested), incidence of new cases of infection [new cases of MRSA per 1000 occupied bed-days (OBD)] and incidence of cases of bacteraemia (MRSA bacteraemia cases per 1000 OBD) were determined to estimate the annual MRSA burden. Antibiotic consumption was calculated in DDD/100 OBD. Cost was expressed in euros/100 OBD. Conclusions: A widespread and steady increase in consumption of new MRSA-active antibiotics was observed among acute care hospitals in Catalonia, in spite of a stable MRSA burden. At the same time, consumption of old drugs remained stable. Such trends resulted in a significant increase in cost. Our findings suggest that factors other than the proportion of methicillin resistance among S. aureus may influence the use of old and new MRSA-active antibiotics in the clinical setting.

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Challenges of infectious diseases in the USA

Cited by 97 publications

References 67 publications

Identifying and Addressing the Unmet Health Care Needs of Drug Court Clients

Identifying and Addressing the Unmet Health Care Needs of Drug Court Clients

Genetic Relatedness Among Escherichia coli Pathotypes Isolated from Food Products for Human Consumption in Cartagena, Colombia

Relationship between consumption of MRSA-active antibiotics and burden of MRSA in acute care hospitals in Catalonia, Spain

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