Challenges of students and residents of human medicine in the first four months of the fight against the Covid-19 pandemic – Implications for future waves and scenarios

Abstract

Introduction In the fight against the Covid-19 pandemic, medical students and residents are expected to adapt and contribute in a healthcare environment characterized by ever-changing measures and policies. The aim of this narrative review is to provide a summary of the literature that addresses the challenges of students and residents of human medicine in the first 4 months of the fight against the Covid-19 pandemic in order to identify gaps and find implications for improvement within the current situation and for potential future scenarios. Methods We performed a systematic literature search and content analysis (CA) of articles available in English language that address the challenges of students and residents of human medicine in the first 4 months of the fight against the Covid-19 pandemic. Results We retrieved 82 articles from a wide range of journals, professional backgrounds and countries. CA identified five recurring subgroup topics: “faculty preparation”, «uncertainties and mental health», «clinical knowledge», «rights and obligations» and «(self-) support and supply». Within these subgroups the main concerns of (re-)deployment, interruption of training and career, safety issues, transmission of disease, and restricted social interaction were identified as potential stressors that hold a risk for fatigue, loss of morale and burnout. Discussion Students and residents are willing and able to participate in the fight against Covid-19 when provided with appropriate deployment, legal guidance, safety measures, clinical knowledge, thorough supervision, social integration and mental health support. Preceding interviews to decide on reasonable voluntary deployment, the use of new technology and frequent feedback communication with faculties, educators and policymakers can further help with a successful and sustainable integration of students and residents in the fight against the pandemic. Conclusion It is critical that faculties, educators and policymakers have a thorough understanding of the needs and concerns of medical trainees during pandemic times. Leaders should facilitate close communication with students and residents, value their intrinsic creativeness and regularly evaluate their needs in regards to deployment, knowledge aspects, safety measures, legal concerns and overall well-being.

Analysis of Obligatory Involvement of Medical Students in Pandemic Response in the Czech Republic: Competencies, Experiences, and Legal Implications

“…Based on our analysis we recommend that instead of the year-based system of credentials currently used in the Czech legislation, a competency-based system aligned with the educational framework of study outcomes is more appropriate for assigning clinical competencies [ 36 ]. From our data, we conclude that the deployment of medical students has a strong potential to address shortages of qualified staff in critical situations in healthcare [ 37 ]. However, the legal framework for student’s deployment must be adjusted to reflect current medical educational frameworks of gradually acquired competencies and clinical skills.…”

NEPTUNE. On the seven seas of resilience

“…Social support and perceived group cohesion are powerful factors to buffer the effects of stressful events on mental health [ 22 ] while also having a benefit on learning [ 23 ]. Consequently, during the pandemic, medical students experienced less stress, when they felt stronger social support [ 24 , 25 ]. We suggest fostering more stable learning cohorts during studies to promote comradery and friendships among students.…”

A Phenomenological Study of Postgraduate Medical Trainees’ Incidental Learning Experiences and Psychological Well-Being During the COVID-19 Pandemic

“…Depression in postgraduate trainees was found to be associated with increased workload, sleep deprivation, and junior resident status. These stressors were compounded by a high risk of infection; inadequate safety equipment; social isolation, especially from family; and physical exhaustion [2,[15][16][17]. Female postgraduate trainees reported a higher prevalence of psychological morbidity as well as more severe symptoms on all psychological measures, including depression, anxiety, and acute stress disorder [2].…”