With the increasing attention and importance placed on children's health, more and more people hope for a more scientific and effective method to prevent and treat common diseases in children. Child rehabilitation has also become an important direction in medical development. However, traditional rehabilitation training models have various problems such as regional limitations, uneven resource allocation, and low patient participation, resulting in unsatisfactory rehabilitation effects. This paper aims to explore the application of modern information technology in the remote rehabilitation training system, analyze the role and advantages of various technologies in rehabilitation training, and how to integrate these technological convergence into the remote rehabilitation training system, so as to achieve "intelligence" in the true sense, and provide reference for improving the quality of life of patients and promoting the sustainable development of medical cause. A randomized scientific control was designed to evaluate the application effect of modern information technology in children's remote rehabilitation training system. Group A was set to receive remote rehabilitation training based on modern information technology, and Group B was set to receive traditional rehabilitation training. The experimental results showed that the average score of children's daily living ability in Group A was about 34.6 points, while that in Group B was about 31.2 points. It has been proven that modern information technology has great feasibility in the practical application of remote rehabilitation training systems for children. It can not only improve the efficiency of rehabilitation training, but also greatly improve the physical and mental health level of patients. Modern information technology, characterized by high digitization, networking, and multimedia, has rapidly popularized in various industries and fields. Utilizing these advanced technologies to build rehabilitation systems suitable for various populations is an imperative trend and a promising topic.