Chamaebotrys erectus sp. nov. (Rhodymeniales, Rhodophyta) from the Socotra Archipelago, Yemen

Systematics of the red algal order Rhodymeniales was investigated using combined large-subunit nuclear ribosomal DNA (LSU) and elongation factor 2 (EF2) analyses. These data were subjected to distance, parsimony, and Bayesian analyses, and the resulting phylogenies were largely congruent with previously published SSU results in that the four currently recognized rhodymenialean families (Champiaceae, Faucheaceae, Lomentariaceae, and Rhodymeniaceae) were resolved as monophyletic lineages (with the exception of Coelothrix, which is here transferred to the Champiaceae from the Rhodymeniaceae). In addition, taxa presently considered as incertae sedis consisted of two lineages (Fryeella lineage and Hymenocladia lineage). Based on these results, two new families are proposed: (i) the Fryeellaceae fam. nov. to accommodate the genera Fryeella, Hymenocladiopsis, and a new taxon from Tasmania, Australia; and (ii) the Hymenocladiaceae fam. nov., to accommodate Asteromenia, Hymenocladia, and Erythrymenia. In addition to resolving familial relationships, these analyses resolved some novel interspecific affinities, and we propose a new genus, Neogastroclonium gen. nov., for Gastroclonium subarticulatum, a species that differs significantly in both morphology and molecular data from genuine species of Gastroclonium. Relationships among additional faucheacean and lomentariacean taxa were investigated using LSU data only, and these results are discussed. The familial classification of the Rhodymeniales proposed herein is discussed in light of vegetative and reproductive anatomy, most notably the ontogeny of the tetrasporangia.

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“…(Womersley 1996) and Chamaebotrys spp. (Huisman 1996, Schils et al. 2003)] will need to be studied in greater detail.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSES OF THE RED ALGAL ORDER RHODYMENIALES SUPPORTS RECOGNITION OF THE HYMENOCLADIACEAE FAM. NOV., FRYEELLACEAE FAM. NOV., AND NEOGASTROCLONIUM GEN. NOV.¹

Gall

Dalen

Saunders

2008

Journal of Phycology

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“…Despite the relatively high number of species recorded for the quadrats, the biogeographic affinity within the Indian Ocean is low. This is the result of a number of disjunctly distributed and endemic species , Schils & Huisman 2003, reflecting biogeographic affinities with distant areas (Australia, Hawaii, Japan and South Africa). Børgesen (1934) and Wynne (2000) noted similar distribution patterns for certain species within the Pakistani and Omani flora, respectively.…”

Section: Socotra's South Coastmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial variation in subtidal plant communities around the Socotra Archipelago and their biogeographic affinities within the Indian Ocean

Schils¹,

Coppejans²

2003

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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The subtidal plant communities of the Socotra Archipelago were studied by means of quadrat sampling. Ordination and statistical analyses revealed 6 distinct clusters corresponding to the geographic location and the physico-chemical factors. The north coast of Socotra Island supports algae commonly found in the Indian Ocean, with an intermediate species richness and alpha diversity for the archipelago. This entity includes 2 species-poor subentities: the seagrass beds and the coral-dominated communities. The transition zone is an overlapping area between Socotra's north and south coast where the greatest similarity in community structure with the upwelling flora of the south coast is found, owing to similar environmental conditions. This zone is subject to intense current patterns favouring a pronounced diversity of red algae. The south coast features the highest number of recorded species and a lower affinity with the (sub-)tropical Indian Ocean flora, and is marked by disjunctly distributed species. The plant communities of the outer islands comprise a mixture of the other entities due to the drastically changing seasonal environmental conditions in a limited coastal area. The intermediate character of this entity, i.e. ongoing competition amongst biota without reaching a climax in the vegetation succession, is reflected in the vegetation analyses and the biogeographic comparison.KEY WORDS: Algae · Arabian Sea · Biogeography · Indian Ocean · Seagrasses · Seaweeds · Socotra Resale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisherMar Ecol Prog Ser 251: [103][104][105][106][107][108][109][110][111][112][113][114] 2003 by Wynne (Wynne & Banaimoon 1990, Wynne 1998, 1999a,b, 2001, Wynne & Jupp 1998. The large number of new records and newly described species in these studies illustrate the lack of knowledge of the Arabian Sea flora.Early phycological studies on the Socotra Archipelago are limited to Dickie (1888) and Holmes (1903), who reported 27 marine algae for Socotra Island and Abd al-Kuri. More recent studies focussed on specific taxonomic, systematic and ecological issues of Socotra's macroalgal flora (Kemp 1998a, Wynne & Leliaert 2001. In an effort to protect the marine and terrestrial natural heritage of the archipelago (United Nations Development Programme for the Sustainable Use and Conservation of the Socotra Archipelago), an interdisciplinary team of scientists studied the vulnerable ecosystems and endangered species around the archipelago. Their work highlighted the diversity and the pristine nature of the marine habitats. The present study is an ecological follow-up and aims to identify the main plant communities around these islands, analysing their species composition and biogeographic affinities. MATERIALS AND METHODSMacroalgal and seagrass communities around the Socotra Archipelago were sampled in spring 2000 (26 March to 7 May). A total of 82 vegetation quadrats from 21 sites (Fig. 1, Appendix 1) were used to compare the different algal assemblages of the main is...

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“…PhycoBase includes various specimen and distribution data tables for Indian Ocean macroalgae and seagrasses. The latter data set is primarily based on Silva et al (1996) and supplemented with records from omitted and recent sources: Dickie (1888), Holmes (1903), Cordero (1993), Nizamuddin and Campbell (1995), Shaikh and Shameel (1995), De Clerck and Coppejans (1996, 1999), Hayee‐Memon and Shameel (1996), Jupp et al (1996), Sohrabi Pour [sic] and Rabii (1996), Critchley et al (1997), Spalding et al (1998), Wynne (1998, 1999a, b, 2000, 2001a, b, 2002a, b, 2003a, b, c, 2004, 2005), Wynne and Jupp (1998), Aliya and Shameel (1999), OSP 1999, Shameel (1999), Coppejans et al (2000, 2002, 2004), Huisman (2000), Kemp (1998a), Sohrabipour and Rabii (1999), Shameel et al (2000), Bandeira et al (2001), Wynne and Leliaert (2001), De Clerck et al (2002, 2004, 2005), Huisman and Schils (2002), Schils and Coppejans (2002), Shameel (2002), Wynne and de Jong (2002), Carvalho and Bandeira (2003), De Clerck (2003), Green and Short (2003), John and George (2003), Richards and Wynne (2003) Schils et al (2003a, b, 2004), Schils and Coppejans (2003a, b), Huisman et al (2004), Leliaert (2004), Wynne and Fresh‐water (2004), and Guiry and Nic Dhonncha (2005). The above references encompass practically all macrophyte species records for the Indian Ocean published to date.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

TEMPERATURE THRESHOLD AS A BIOGEOGRAPHIC BARRIER IN NORTHERN INDIAN OCEAN MACROALGAE¹

Schils

Wilson

2006

Journal of Phycology

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The most eastern point of the Arabian Peninsula, Ras Al Hadd, marks the boundary between the Arabian Sea and the Gulf of Oman. This geographic landmark coincides with an abrupt floristic turnover, probably one of the sharpest biotic transitions known in marine biogeography. The floras of different Arabian localities across this floristic break were compared using macrophyte distribution data throughout the Indian Ocean and seasonal seasurface temperature (SST) data. The localities from the Arabian Gulf and Gulf of Oman differ significantly from those of the Arabian Sea based on their species richness, species composition, average distribution range per species, general temperature affinity of the composing species, and seasonal temperature data of the coastal waters. Pooling the temperature data into two groups (SST 3avg , average SST of the three warmest seasons; SST min , minimum of the seasonal SSTs) revealed a temperature limit at 281 C using both the temperature affinity data of the floras and the seasonal temperatures recorded for the specific Arabian localities, which significantly separates the Arabian Sea from localities of both Gulfs. Finally, SST data of the Indian Ocean were analyzed using this upper temperature threshold of macrophytes at 281 C and the lower temperature limit of corals at 251 C, revealing general macrophyte diversity patterns.Abbreviations: SST, sea-surface temperature; SST 3avg , average SST of the three warmest seasons; SST avg , average yearly SST; SST fd 3avg , floristically derived SST of the three warmest seasons; SST fd , floristically derived SST; SST max , maximum of the seasonal SSTs; SST min , minimum of the seasonal SSTs; SST range , yearly fluctuation in seasonal SSTs (i.e. SST max -SST min ); TSI, Tripartite Similarity Index

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Chamaebotrys erectus sp. nov. (Rhodymeniales, Rhodophyta) from the Socotra Archipelago, Yemen

Cited by 8 publications

References 7 publications

PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSES OF THE RED ALGAL ORDER RHODYMENIALES SUPPORTS RECOGNITION OF THE HYMENOCLADIACEAE FAM. NOV., FRYEELLACEAE FAM. NOV., AND NEOGASTROCLONIUM GEN. NOV.¹

PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSES OF THE RED ALGAL ORDER RHODYMENIALES SUPPORTS RECOGNITION OF THE HYMENOCLADIACEAE FAM. NOV., FRYEELLACEAE FAM. NOV., AND NEOGASTROCLONIUM GEN. NOV.¹

Spatial variation in subtidal plant communities around the Socotra Archipelago and their biogeographic affinities within the Indian Ocean

TEMPERATURE THRESHOLD AS A BIOGEOGRAPHIC BARRIER IN NORTHERN INDIAN OCEAN MACROALGAE¹

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Chamaebotrys erectus sp. nov. (Rhodymeniales, Rhodophyta) from the Socotra Archipelago, Yemen

Cited by 8 publications

References 7 publications

PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSES OF THE RED ALGAL ORDER RHODYMENIALES SUPPORTS RECOGNITION OF THE HYMENOCLADIACEAE FAM. NOV., FRYEELLACEAE FAM. NOV., AND NEOGASTROCLONIUM GEN. NOV.1

PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSES OF THE RED ALGAL ORDER RHODYMENIALES SUPPORTS RECOGNITION OF THE HYMENOCLADIACEAE FAM. NOV., FRYEELLACEAE FAM. NOV., AND NEOGASTROCLONIUM GEN. NOV.1

Spatial variation in subtidal plant communities around the Socotra Archipelago and their biogeographic affinities within the Indian Ocean

TEMPERATURE THRESHOLD AS A BIOGEOGRAPHIC BARRIER IN NORTHERN INDIAN OCEAN MACROALGAE1

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PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSES OF THE RED ALGAL ORDER RHODYMENIALES SUPPORTS RECOGNITION OF THE HYMENOCLADIACEAE FAM. NOV., FRYEELLACEAE FAM. NOV., AND NEOGASTROCLONIUM GEN. NOV.¹

PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSES OF THE RED ALGAL ORDER RHODYMENIALES SUPPORTS RECOGNITION OF THE HYMENOCLADIACEAE FAM. NOV., FRYEELLACEAE FAM. NOV., AND NEOGASTROCLONIUM GEN. NOV.¹

TEMPERATURE THRESHOLD AS A BIOGEOGRAPHIC BARRIER IN NORTHERN INDIAN OCEAN MACROALGAE¹