Chancroid and Haemophilus ducreyi: an update.

Trees, David L.; Morse, Stephen

doi:10.1128/cmr.8.3.357-375.1995

Cited by 25 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 109 publications

(196 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The six epidemiologically unrelated recent clinical isolates were variably resistant to penicillin, tetracycline, kanamycin, and chloramphenicol but were susceptible to azithromycin, erythromycin, ciprofloxacin, and ceftriaxone. The MICs for the clinical isolates were typical of those reported so far for most H. ducreyi strains in the 1990s, except for HMC 49, which was susceptible to penicillin and tetracycline (2,6,20).…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 67%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Haemophilus ducreyi Is Susceptible to Protegrin

Fortney¹,

Totten

Lehrer

et al. 1998

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Protegrins, potent antimicrobial peptides found in porcine leukocytes, have activity against the sexually transmitted pathogens Neisseria gonorrhoeae,Chlamydia trachomatis, and human immunodeficiency virus type 1. We tested synthetic protegrin 1 (PG-1) for activity against nine isolates of Haemophilus ducreyi, the etiologic agent of chancroid. The test organisms included CIP 542 (the type strain), 35000HP (a human-passaged variant of 35000), 35000HP-RSM2 (an isogenicd-glycero-d-manno-heptosyltransferase mutant of 35000HP), and six clinical isolates. The isolates were epidemiologically unrelated, represented three HindIII ribotypes, and had varying antimicrobial resistance patterns. In bactericidal assays, five isolates were rapidly killed by synthetic PG-1. In radial diffusion assays, all nine isolates were exquisitely sensitive to PG-1. These data highlight the potential of protegrins for development as topical agents to prevent many sexually transmitted diseases, including chancroid.

show abstract

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 67%

“…Haemophilus ducreyi causes chancroid, a genital ulcer disease common in developing countries (10,20). In a process called epidemiologic synergy, H. ducreyi and the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) facilitate the transmission of each other (1,16,18,21).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Haemophilus ducreyi Is Susceptible to Protegrin

Fortney¹,

Totten

Lehrer

et al. 1998

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Chancroid is one of the most prevalent sexually transmitted diseases and a major cause of morbidity in the resource-poor countries of Asia, Africa, and Latin America (53). This disease remains relatively uncommon in the United States and Western Europe (58). Prospective longitudinal and cross-sectional case control studies in Africa have provided substantial evidence that genital ulcer disease, either as a clinical syndrome or as an etiological diagnosis, is a significant risk factor for the heterosexual spread of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) even when sexual behavior is controlled for in the statistical analyses (11,24,49).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of theznuA-Encoded Periplasmic Zinc Transport Protein ofHaemophilus ducreyi

et al. 1999

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The znuA gene of Haemophilus ducreyiencodes a 32-kDa (mature) protein that has homology to both the ZnuA protein of Escherichia coli and the Pzp1 protein ofH. influenzae; both of these latter proteins are members of a growing family of prokaryotic zinc transporters. Inactivation of theH. ducreyi 35000 znuA gene by insertional mutagenesis resulted in a mutant that grew more slowly than the wild-type parent strain in vitro unless ZnCl2 was provided at a final concentration of 100 μM. Other cations tested did not restore growth of this H. ducreyi mutant to wild-type levels. The H. ducreyi ZnuA protein was localized to the periplasm, where it is believed to function as the binding component of a zinc transport system. Complementation of the znuAmutation with the wild-type H. ducreyi znuA gene provided in trans restored the ability of this H. ducreyi mutant to grow normally in the absence of exogenously added ZnCl2. The wild-type H. ducreyi znuA gene was also able to complement a H. influenzae pzp1 mutation. The H. ducreyi znuA isogenic mutant exhibited significantly decreased virulence (P = 0.0001) when tested in the temperature-dependent rabbit model for experimental chancroid. This decreased virulence was not observed when the znuA mutant was complemented with the wild-type H. ducreyi znuA gene provided in trans.

show abstract

“…Inguinal lymphoadenopathy occurs in up to 50% of chancroid patients (20), and chancroid ulcers have been associated with increased heterosexual transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (6,25,45). Chancroid is most common in developing countries, although outbreaks occur in the United States, especially among individuals of lower socioeconomic status (43). Diagnosis of chancroid can be difficult since ulcers often resemble those of syphilis or herpes and isolation of H. ducreyi from lesions is frequently unsuccessful (43).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Target Cell Range of Haemophilus ducreyi Hemolysin and Its Involvement in Invasion of Human Epithelial Cells

1999

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Haemophilus ducreyi, the causative agent of chancroid, produces a hemolysin, whose role in virulence is not well defined. To assess the possible role of hemolysin in pathogenesis, we evaluated its target cell range by using wild-type H. ducreyi 35000, nonhemolytic mutants with the hemolysin structural gene deleted, and isogenic strains expressing different amounts of hemolytic activity. The cytotoxicity of the various cell types was assessed by quantitating the release of lactate dehydrogenase into culture supernatants as a measure of cell lysis. In these experiments, human foreskin fibroblasts, human foreskin epithelial cells, and, to a lesser extent, HEp-2 cells were lysed by H. ducreyi hemolysin. Hemolysin also lysed human blood mononuclear cells and immune system cell lines including U937 macrophage-like cells, T lymphocytes, and B lymphocytes. In contrast, human polymorphonuclear leukocytes were not sensitive to hemolysin under the conditions tested. We also analyzed the effect of hemolysin on invasion of human epithelial cells and found that H. ducreyi strains expressing cloned hemolysin genes showed a 10-fold increase in invasion compared to the control strain. These data support the hypothesis that the H. ducreyi hemolysin is important in the pathogenesis of chancroid and may contribute to ulcer formation, invasion of epithelial cells, and evasion of the immune response.

show abstract

Chancroid and Haemophilus ducreyi: an update.

Cited by 25 publications

References 109 publications

Haemophilus ducreyi Is Susceptible to Protegrin

Haemophilus ducreyi Is Susceptible to Protegrin

Identification of theznuA-Encoded Periplasmic Zinc Transport Protein ofHaemophilus ducreyi

Target Cell Range of Haemophilus ducreyi Hemolysin and Its Involvement in Invasion of Human Epithelial Cells

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About