Change and stability in the association of parents' education with children's intelligence

Cave, Sophie Nicole; Wright, Megan; Stumm, Sophie von

doi:10.1016/j.intell.2021.101597

Cited by 14 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…All else being equal, the decreasing age of the mother at childbirth was also associated with the risk of the offspring having below-average IQs, in line with past research [41]. Parents' education has been one of the aspects that have shown the strongest associations with children's cognitive development [42] and was significantly related to child IQ in this study as well. Seafood consumption was uncorrelated with iodine status in this study, so the association found between less-frequent consumption of fish and below-average IQ might have to do with other important nutrients that fish provide, including omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids and others, and is in line with previous research also suggesting a positive association between fish consumption and children's fluid intelligence [43].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Association between Elevated Iodine Intake and IQ among School Children in Portugal

et al. 2022

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The goal of this work was to examine whether elevated iodine intake was associated with adverse effects on IQ among school-age children in Portugal. In a representative sample of children from the north of the country, IQ percentiles by age (assessed with Raven’s Colored Progressive Matrices) were dichotomized to <50 (“below-average” IQs) and ≥50. Morning urine iodine concentrations, corrected for creatinine, were dichotomized to <250 µg/g and ≥250 µg/g, according to the European Commission/Scientific Committee on Food’s tolerable upper level of daily iodine intake for young children. Data were examined with Chi-square tests, logistic regression, and GLM univariate analysis. The sample (N = 1965) was classified as generally iodine-adequate (median urinary iodine concentration = 129 µg/L; median iodine-to-creatinine ratio = 126 µg/g) according to the WHO’s criteria. A greater proportion of children in the ≥250 µg/g group had below-average IQs, compared to children with less than 250 µg/g (p = 0.037), despite a sizable (though non-significant) proportion of children in the less-than-250 µg/g group also presenting below-average IQs, at the bottom of the iodine distribution (<50 µg/g). The proportion of below-average IQs increased with increasingly elevated iodine concentrations (p = 0.047). The association remained significant after the adjustment for confounders, with the elevated iodine group showing increased odds of having below-average IQs when compared with the non-elevated iodine group (OR 1.55; 95% CI 1.11–2.17; p = 0.011). Consistently, the former group presented a lower mean IQ than the latter (p = 0.006). High iodine intake was associated with lower IQs even in a population classified as iodine-adequate. These results bear on child cognition and on initiatives involving iodine supplementation.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Association between Elevated Iodine Intake and IQ among School Children in Portugal

et al. 2022

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“…Both father´s as well as mother´s education has been shown to be associated with cognitive ability of their offspring 6 , but the evidence varies as to whether the education of the mother or the father has greater impact on cognition of the children, depending on the country, time as well as type of cognitive ability studied [7][8][9] . For example, in a study of intelligence quotient (IQ) across generations using a British cohort, fathers' education better predicted children's IQ differences in the 1946 cohort, but in the latest cohort from 2000 to 2002, mothers' education was more strongly associated with children's IQ 10 .The mechanisms underlying the association of parental education with offspring´s cognitive ability are still unclear. Cognitive ability has been proposed to be the result of large-scale brain networks 11 and an increasing body of evidence points towards alterations in their resting state functional connectivity as the potential neural underpinning of interindividual differences in cognitive ability 12 .…”

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confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Parental education, cognition and functional connectivity of the salience network

Čermáková

Chlapečka

Csajbók

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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The aim was to investigate the association of parental education at birth with cognitive ability in childhood and young adulthood and determine, whether functional connectivity of the salience network underlies this association. We studied participants of the Czech arm of the European Longitudinal Study of Pregnancy and Childhood who underwent assessment of their cognitive ability at age 8 (Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children) and 28/29 years (Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale) and measurement with resting state functional MRI at age 23/24. We estimated the associations of parental education with cognitive ability and functional connectivity between the seeds in the salience network and other voxels in the brain. We found that lower education of both mothers and fathers was associated with lower verbal IQ, performance IQ and full-scale IQ of the offspring at age 8. Only mother´s education was associated with performance IQ at age 28/29. Lower mother´s education correlated with greater functional connectivity between the right rostral prefrontal cortex and a cluster of voxels in the occipital cortex, which, in turn, was associated with lower performance IQ at age 28/29. We conclude that the impact of parental education, particularly father´s, on offspring´s cognitive ability weakens during the lifecourse. Functional connectivity between the right rostral prefrontal cortex and occipital cortex may be a biomarker underlying the transmission of mother´s education on performance IQ of their offspring.

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“…Core topics comprised the two clusters of education and working memory. The education cluster with words such as IQ–achievement–aptitude tests and ability tilt included seven articles (see Cave et al 2022 ; Coyle 2022a ; Wai et al 2022 ; Zisman and Ganzach 2022 ). Working memory included seven articles and was connected with fluid intelligence, reasoning, and attention ( Burgoyne et al 2022 ; Demetriou et al 2022 ; Erceg et al 2022 ; Tourva and Spanoudis 2020 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Evolution of Intelligence: Analysis of the Journal of Intelligence and Intelligence

2023

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What are the current trends in intelligence research? This parallel bibliometric analysis covers the two premier journals in the field: Intelligence and the Journal of Intelligence (JOI) between 2013 and 2022. Using Scopus data, this paper extends prior bibliometric articles reporting the evolution of the journal Intelligence from 1977 up to 2018. It includes JOI from its inception, along with Intelligence to the present. Although the journal Intelligence’s growth has declined over time, it remains a stronghold for traditional influential research (average publications per year = 71.2, average citations per article = 17.07, average citations per year = 2.68). JOI shows a steady growth pattern in the number of publications and citations (average publications per year = 33.2, average citations per article = 6.48, total average citations per year = 1.48) since its inception in 2013. Common areas of study across both journals include cognitive ability, fluid intelligence, psychometrics–statistics, g-factor, and working memory. Intelligence includes core themes like the Flynn effect, individual differences, and geographic IQ variability. JOI addresses themes such as creativity, personality, and emotional intelligence. We discuss research trends, co-citation networks, thematic maps, and their implications for the future of the two journals and the evolution and future of the scientific study of intelligence.

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Change and stability in the association of parents' education with children's intelligence

Cited by 14 publications

References 53 publications

Association between Elevated Iodine Intake and IQ among School Children in Portugal

Association between Elevated Iodine Intake and IQ among School Children in Portugal

Parental education, cognition and functional connectivity of the salience network

The Evolution of Intelligence: Analysis of the Journal of Intelligence and Intelligence

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