Change Detection of Tree Biomass with Terrestrial Laser Scanning and Quantitative Structure Modelling

Kaasalainen, Sanna; Krooks, Anssi; Liski, Jari; Raumonen, Pasi; Kaartinen, Harri; Kaasalainen, M.; Puttonen, Eetu; Anttila, Kati; Mäkipää, Raisa

doi:10.3390/rs6053906

Cited by 84 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The average volume error for all models was below 5%, and using, e.g., the circular cylinder model on extremely elliptic stems, resulted in a maximum volume error below 14%. These ties well with the field-calibrated studies of [16,23], as the volume and length errors are similar in all studies. In [16], it is shown that a hybrid version of polyhedral and cylindrical modelling is accurate, even for the highly complex shapes of stump-root systems.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

Analysis of Geometric Primitives in Quantitative Structure Models of Tree Stems

et al. 2015

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One way to model a tree is to use a collection of geometric primitives to represent the surface and topology of the stem and branches of a tree. The circular cylinder is often used as the geometric primitive, but it is not the only possible choice. We investigate various geometric primitives and modelling schemes, discuss their properties and give practical estimates for expected modelling errors associated with the primitives. We find that the circular cylinder is the most robust primitive in the sense of a well-bounded volumetric modelling error, even with noise and gaps in the data. Its use does not cause errors significantly larger than those with more complex primitives, while the latter are much more sensitive to data quality. However, in some cases, a hybrid approach with more complex primitives for the stem is useful.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

Analysis of Geometric Primitives in Quantitative Structure Models of Tree Stems

et al. 2015

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“…Finally, the distribution of wood volume in the canopy cannot be calculated using allometric equations. Branch properties, tree crown structure, and canopy space filling are key characteristics in understanding light-use efficiency and tree-tree interactions [7,8], and thus the dynamics in multiple service forests. To obtain this information by direct field measurement is, however, challenging and time-consuming, and therefore costly [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does Tree Architectural Complexity Influence the Accuracy of Wood Volume Estimates of Single Young Trees by Terrestrial Laser Scanning?

Hess

Bienert

Oheimb

2015

Forests

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Accurate estimates of the wood volume or biomass of individual trees have gained considerable importance in recent years. The accuracy of wood volume estimation by terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) point cloud data may differ between individual trees due to species-specific differences in tree architecture. We selected three common and ecologically important central European deciduous tree species, which differ considerably in tree architectural complexity in early ontogenetic stages: Acer pseudoplatanus (simple), Sorbus aucuparia (intermediate) and Betula pendula (complex). We scanned six single young trees for each species (18 trees in total) under optimal scan conditions (single tree stand, leafless state, four scanning positions, high resolution). TLS-based volume estimates were derived for the total tree as well as for the two compartments; trunk and branches, using a voxel-based bounding box method. These estimates were compared with highly accurate xyolmetric (water displacement) volume measurements. Coefficients of determination between xylometric measurements and bounding box estimates were very high for total trees (R 2 adj = 0.99), trunks (R 2 adj = 0.99), and high for branches (R 2 adj = 0.78).The accuracy of estimations for total tree and trunk volume was highly similar among the three tree species. In contrast, significant differences were found for branch volume OPEN ACCESSForests 2015, 6 3848 estimates: the accuracy was very high for Sorbus aucuparia, intermediate for Betula pendula, and low for Acer pseudoplatanus. A stepwise multiple regression showed that the accuracy of branch volume estimates was negatively related to the number of the first-order branches within diameter sizes of D ≤ 5 mm and crown surface area (R 2 adj = 0.61). We conclude that the accuracy in total tree and trunk volume estimates was not affected by the studied types of tree architectural complexity. The impact of the structural variability of branches and occlusion by branches was, thus, not as high as expected. In contrast, the accuracy of branch volume estimates was strongly influenced by tree architectural complexity, though not in a simple way. Because underestimations originated from different sources, the accuracy of branch volume estimates cannot be directly derived from the degree of architectural complexity. These results imply that the voxel-based bounding box method provides highly accurate total tree and trunk volume estimates, whereas further research is needed to improve branch volume estimation for young trees of different architectural types.

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“…Terrestrial Laser Scanning (TLS) provides a ground based way to estimate the biomass of trees and shrubs. Three dimensional (3D) point clouds of the vegetation surface are derived from laser scans and allow the reconstruction of quantitative 3D vegetation models [14][15][16] that, with knowledge of the vegetation density, enable biomass estimation without allometric information [17,18]. Most TLS studies have focused on woody vegetation, although studies have used TLS for assessing grass height, including the change in height associated with grazing [19] and fire [20,21], as well as for estimating the AGB of crops [22,23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Examination of the Potential of Terrestrial Laser Scanning and Structure-from-Motion Photogrammetry for Rapid Nondestructive Field Measurement of Grass Biomass

et al. 2017

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Above ground biomass (AGB) is a parameter commonly used for assessment of grassland systems. Destructive AGB measurements, although accurate, are time consuming and are not easily undertaken on a repeat basis or over large areas. Structure-from-Motion (SfM) photogrammetry and Terrestrial Laser Scanning (TLS) are two technologies that have the potential to yield precise 3D structural measurements of vegetation quite rapidly. Recent advances have led to the successful application of TLS and SfM in woody biomass estimation, but application in natural grassland systems remains largely untested. The potential of these techniques for AGB estimation is examined considering 11 grass plots with a range of biomass in South Dakota, USA. Volume metrics extracted from the TLS and SfM 3D point clouds, and also conventional disc pasture meter settling heights, were compared to destructively harvested AGB total (grass and litter) and AGB grass plot measurements. Although the disc pasture meter was the most rapid method, it was less effective in AGB estimation (AGB grass r 2 = 0.42, AGB total r 2 = 0.32) than the TLS (AGB grass r 2 = 0.46, AGB total r 2 = 0.57) or SfM (AGB grass r 2 = 0.54, AGB total r 2 = 0.72) which both demonstrated their utility for rapid AGB estimation of grass systems.

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Change Detection of Tree Biomass with Terrestrial Laser Scanning and Quantitative Structure Modelling

Cited by 84 publications

References 29 publications

Analysis of Geometric Primitives in Quantitative Structure Models of Tree Stems

Analysis of Geometric Primitives in Quantitative Structure Models of Tree Stems

Does Tree Architectural Complexity Influence the Accuracy of Wood Volume Estimates of Single Young Trees by Terrestrial Laser Scanning?

Examination of the Potential of Terrestrial Laser Scanning and Structure-from-Motion Photogrammetry for Rapid Nondestructive Field Measurement of Grass Biomass

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