Change in active microbial community structure, abundance and carbon cycling in an acid rice paddy soil with the addition of biochar

Chen, J.; Sun, Xiao; Li, L.; Liu, Xingye; Zhang, B.; Zheng, Jufeng; Pan, Genxing

doi:10.1111/ejss.12388

Cited by 86 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Changes in soil properties, including MBC, MBN and MBP, following CAW applications (particularly, 10 g kg −1 ) in the apple tree root zone were generally consistent with previous reports (Jones et al, 2011;Chen et al, 2016). The decreases in soil NO 3 − -N and increases in soil NH 4 + -N observed in this study were in accord The blue arrows show the abundance of microbial functional genes analysed (AOA, ammonia-oxidizing archaea; AOB, ammonia-oxidizing bacteria).…”

Section: Effects Of Caw On Soil Properties In Soil Of the Apple Tree supporting

confidence: 90%

“…Changes in soil properties, including MBC, MBN and MBP, following CAW applications (particularly, 10 g kg −1 ) in the apple tree root zone were generally consistent with previous reports (Jones et al ., ; Chen et al ., ). The decreases in soil NO 3 − ‐N and increases in soil NH 4 + ‐N observed in this study were in accord with those noted in other biochar studies under controlled laboratory conditions (Van Zwieten et al ., ), and might be related to abiotic and biotic factors (Clough et al ., ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The application of CAW to soil has been reported to affect the growth of bacteria and fungi depending on the rate of application of CAW (Cao et al, 2016). Furthermore, biochar amendment can affect the relative abundance and taxonomic composition of N 2 O-reducing functional microbial traits in soil (Harter et al, 2016b;Harter et al, 2017), and can alter several environmental properties known to influence the abundance and activity of N-transforming microorganisms, such as oxygen (O 2 ) and carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) availability, pH, WFPS, C/N and H/C ratios, and N availability (Singh et al, 2010;Bai et al, 2015;Case et al, 2015;Chen et al, 2016). Therefore, the interplay of several of these properties is most likely to be responsible for the abundance of functional genes in biochar-containing microcosms (Harter et al, 2014).…”

Section: Effects Of Caw On Soil Microbial N Transformations In the Apmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of carbonized apple wood on nitrogen‐transforming microorganisms and nitrogen oxides in soil of apple tree root zone

Hui

Feng

Xun

et al. 2018

European J Soil Science

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Biochar amendment is commonly used to mitigate anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions of agricultural soil. A new type of biochar, carbonized apple wood (CAW), was applied at different rates (0, 5, 10, 20 and 40 g kg−1) to the soil of 2‐year‐old apple trees (Malus domestica Borkh. cv. Fuji) grown in pots. The variation in soil abundance of functional genes involved in microbial ammonia oxidation (Anammox and amoA) and denitrification (nirS and nirK) was determined by quantitative PCR, and the nitric oxide (NO) and nitrous oxide (N2O) concentrations in the treated soil were analysed using microelectrodes. The soil's microbial biomass carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus increased significantly with 5 and 10 g kg−1 CAW application, and addition of 5–40 g kg−1 CAW altered microbial nitrogen transformation. Furthermore, 5–40 g kg−1 CAW application at 5–20‐cm soil depth reduced NO and N2O concentrations. Redundancy analysis showed close relations between microbial functional genes and soil variables (including microbial biomass carbon, nitric oxide, nitrate nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen) after CAW application. These results indicated that microbial nitrogen transformation varied depending on the amount of CAW applied. Application of a moderate amount of CAW (i.e. 10 g kg−1) reduced the abundance of functional genes involved in microbial nitrogen transformation, suggesting a potential link with the observed reduction in NO and N2O concentrations in the apple root‐zone soil. Highlights Carbonized apple wood (CAW) changed soil microbial nitrogen transformation in apple tree root zone. Application of moderate CAW rates reduced abundances of Anammox, amoA, nirS and nirK genes. Microelectrodes were used to measure nitrous oxides directly in apple root‐zone soil. Moderate rates of CAW reduced soil NO and N2O amounts in the apple tree root zone.

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Section: Effects Of Caw On Soil Properties In Soil Of the Apple Tree supporting

confidence: 90%

“…Changes in soil properties, including MBC, MBN and MBP, following CAW applications (particularly, 10 g kg −1 ) in the apple tree root zone were generally consistent with previous reports (Jones et al ., ; Chen et al ., ). The decreases in soil NO 3 − ‐N and increases in soil NH 4 + ‐N observed in this study were in accord with those noted in other biochar studies under controlled laboratory conditions (Van Zwieten et al ., ), and might be related to abiotic and biotic factors (Clough et al ., ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Effects Of Caw On Soil Microbial N Transformations In the Apmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Effect of carbonized apple wood on nitrogen‐transforming microorganisms and nitrogen oxides in soil of apple tree root zone

Hui

Feng

Xun

et al. 2018

European J Soil Science

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“…The nutrients, substrates, and microorganisms were co‐localized on biochar surfaces, thus mediating higher microbial biomass but lower C mineralization. The decreases in q CO 2 , especially in aged biochar‐amended soils, may be attributed to the improved microbe‐suitable habitats because biochar could provide moisture and nutrients and increase water availability for microbial growth and protect microorganisms from predators (Chen et al, ; Lehmann et al, ). As fresh biochar addition increased the total C mineralization, a more significant increase of MBC content was observed in the fresh biochar amendment, compared to the no biochar‐amended soil (Table ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The responses of soil organic carbon mineralization and microbial communities to fresh and aged biochar soil amendments

et al. 2019

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While biochar soil amendment has been widely proposed as a soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration strategy to mitigate detrimental climate changes in global agriculture, the SOC sequestration was still not clearly understood for the different effects of fresh and aged biochar on SOC mineralization. In the present study of a two‐factorial experiment, topsoil samples from a rice paddy were laboratory‐incubated with and without fresh or aged biochar pyrolyzed of wheat residue and with and without crop residue‐derived dissolved organic matter (CRM) for monitoring soil organic matter decomposition under controlled conditions. The six treatments included soil with no biochar, with fresh biochar and with aged biochar treated with CRM, respectively. For fresh biochar treatment, the topsoil of a same rice paddy was amended with wheat biochar directly from a pyrolysis wheat straw, the soil with aged biochar was collected from the same soil 6 years following a single amendment of same biochar. Total CO2 emission from the soil was monitored over a 64 day time span of laboratory incubation, while microbial biomass carbon and phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) were determined at the end of incubation period. Without CRM, total organic carbon mineralization was significantly decreased by 38.8% with aged biochar but increased by 28.9% with fresh biochar, compared to no biochar. With CRM, however, the significantly highest net carbon mineralization occurred in the soil without biochar compared to the biochar‐amended soil. Compared to aged biochar, fresh biochar addition significantly increased the total PLFA concentration by 20.3%–33.8% and altered the microbial community structure by increasing 17:1ω8c (Gram‐negative bacteria) and i17:0 (Gram‐positive bacteria) mole percentages and by decreasing the ratio of fungi/bacteria. Furthermore, biochar amendment significantly lowered the metabolic quotient of SOC decomposition, thereby becoming greater with aged biochar than with fresh biochar. The finding here suggests that biochar amendment could improve carbon utilization efficiency by soil microbial community and SOC sequestration potential in paddy soil can be enhanced by the presence of biochar in soil over the long run.

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“…This change, through the improvement of microhabitat conditions and nutrient storage, could lead to some directional change in the association of microbial community abundance/activity over the long run of rice paddy management. The higher MBC and lower RQ and qCO 2 in coarsesand-sized macroaggregates and the decreasing trend of RQ and qCO 2 with increasing length of rice paddy management (Table S3) could suggest some adaptive change in the microbial community and improvements in their carbon use efficiency (Chen et al, 2016). In particular, the methanogenic community as a particular microbial community in rice soils (Conrad, 2009), has been shown to undergo a directional change towards prolonged rice paddy management (Liu et al, 2016b).…”

Section: Trend Of Bioactivity With Carbon Stabilization After Prolongmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial activity promoted with organic carbon accumulation in macroaggregates of paddy soils under long-term rice cultivation

et al. 2016

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Abstract. While soil organic carbon (SOC) accumulation and stabilization has been increasingly the focus of ecosystem properties, how it could be linked to soil biological activity enhancement has been poorly assessed. In this study, topsoil samples were collected from a series of rice soils shifted from salt marshes for 0, 50, 100, 300 and 700 years from a coastal area of eastern China. Soil aggregates were fractioned into different sizes of coarse sand (200–2000 µm), fine sand (20–200 µm), silt (2–20 µm) and clay (< 2 µm), using separation with a low-energy dispersion protocol. Soil properties were determined to investigate niche specialization of different soil particle fractions in response to long-term rice cultivation, including recalcitrant and labile organic carbon, microbial diversity of bacterial, archaeal and fungal communities, soil respiration and enzyme activity. The results showed that the mass proportion both of coarse-sand (2000–200 µm) and clay (< 2 µm) fractions increased with prolonged rice cultivation, but the aggregate size fractions were dominated by fine-sand (200–20 µm) and silt (20–2 µm) fractions across the chronosequence. SOC was highly enriched in coarse-sand fractions (40–60 g kg−1) and moderately in clay fractions (20–25 g kg−1), but was depleted in silt fractions (∼ 10 g kg−1). The recalcitrant carbon pool was higher (33–40 % of SOC) in both coarse-sand and clay fractions than in fine-sand and silt fractions (20–29 % of SOC). However, the ratio of labile organic carbon (LOC) to SOC showed a weakly decreasing trend with decreasing size of aggregate fractions. Total soil DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) content in the size fractions followed a similar trend to that of SOC. Despite the largely similar diversity between the fractions, 16S ribosomal gene abundance of bacteria and of archaeal were concentrated in both coarse-sand and clay fractions. Being the highest generally in coarse-sand fractions, 18S rRNA gene abundance of fungi decreased sharply but the diversity gently, with decreasing size of the aggregate fractions. The soil respiration quotient (ratio of respired CO2–C to SOC) was the highest in the silt fraction, followed by the fine-sand fraction, but the lowest in coarse-sand and clay fractions in the rice soils cultivated over 100 years, whereas the microbial metabolic quotient was lower in coarse-sand-sized fractions than in other fractions. Soil respiration was higher in the silt fraction than in other fractions for the rice soils. For the size fractions other than the clay fraction, enzyme activity was increased with prolonged rice cultivation, whereas soil respiration appeared to have a decreasing trend. Only in the coarse-sand fraction was both microbial gene abundance and enzyme activity well correlated to SOC and LOC content, although the chemical stability and respiratory of SOC were similar between coarse-sand and clay fractions. Thus, biological activity was generally promoted with LOC accumulation in the coarse-sand-sized macroaggregates of the rice soils, positively responding to prolonged rice cultivation management. The finding here provides a mechanistic understanding of soil organic carbon turnover and microbial community succession at fine scale of soil aggregates that have evolved along with anthropogenic activity of rice cultivation in the field.

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Change in active microbial community structure, abundance and carbon cycling in an acid rice paddy soil with the addition of biochar

Cited by 86 publications

References 40 publications

Effect of carbonized apple wood on nitrogen‐transforming microorganisms and nitrogen oxides in soil of apple tree root zone

Effect of carbonized apple wood on nitrogen‐transforming microorganisms and nitrogen oxides in soil of apple tree root zone

The responses of soil organic carbon mineralization and microbial communities to fresh and aged biochar soil amendments

Microbial activity promoted with organic carbon accumulation in macroaggregates of paddy soils under long-term rice cultivation

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