Change in Climate Extremes and Pan Evaporation Influencing Factors over Ouémé Delta in Bénin

Abstract

This work focuses on trend analysis of rainfall, evaporation, temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, and sunshine duration over the Ouémé Delta in Bénin. Eight temperature based indices and fifteen rainfall based indices are computed from 1960 to 2016. Moreover, maximum 1, 2, 3, 5, and 10 days precipitation indices were computed at the monthly scale. Trends are detected at 0.05 confidence level, using a combination of Mann-Kendall and prewhitened Mann-Kendall test. Partial correlation and stepwise regression are used to detect the set of meteorological variables that influence pan evaporation in Ouémé Delta. Results showed intensification of heavy rainfall over Ouémé Delta. Moreover, a significant increasing trend is detected in temperature. As consequence, diurnal temperature significantly decreases as proof of the global warming. Average pan evaporation showed a significant slither increasing trend over the area. Change in pan evaporation can be explained by wind speed and sunshine duration that hold almost 50% of pan evaporation variance. As future temperature is going to be increasing, pan evaporation may increase considerably. So, adaptation measures have to be reinforced in the Ouémé Delta area where farmer are used to rainfed agriculture for food security. Moreover, Ouémé Delta plan have to be developed for it resources sustainability.

Daily pan-evaporation estimation in different agro-climatic zones using novel hybrid support vector regression optimized by Salp swarm algorithm in conjunction with gamma test

“…This indicates significant impacts of all meteorological factors on EP. Similar results were also reported from different climatic regions of the world (Hounguè et al, 2019;Rodrigues et al, 2020). The present study also found that all meteorological variables are required for reliable estimation of EP.…”

Mid-Century Climate Change Impacts on Ouémé River Discharge at Bonou Outlet (Benin)

“…Current results are also in accordance with that of Oyerinde et al [16], Biao et al [20] and M'Po et al [18] and showed increase for projected rainfall based on the RCP 8.5 and decrease for the RCP 4.5. Moreover, the increase in temperature noted here is also reported by Oyerinde et al [16], Biao et al [20], M'Po et al [18], Hounguè et al [58] and Lawin et al [48] as proof of global warming. Similarly, increase in potential evapotranspiration is also highlighted by Oyerinde et al [16] and Biao et al [20].…”

“…Impact of climate change over stream flow in Ouémé catchment is quantified as change between observed and projected trend slope. This change is assessed in discharge, rainfall, rainfall loss, potential evaporation and temperature, based on the Mann-Kendall trend analysis [58].…”

Trend Analysis of Hydroclimatic Historical Data and Future Scenarios of Climate Extreme Indices over Mono River Basin in West Africa

“…The method adopted is Man-Kendall (MK) test trend on historical and extreme indexes computation using RclimDex package. MK method was used widely and has demonstrated to be reliable for trend analysis for long climatic time series [23][24][25][26].…”