The cationic ring-opening polymerization of l-azabicyclo[4.2.0]octane (1) was studied with initiators providing small and large anions, namely FO, BrO, 1 0 , picryl(Pic@), CF,SOF. In nitrobenzene as solvent the macroions and macroion-pairs, independently of the anion size, propagate with the same rate constant k: = k: = 7 , O . lo-, mol-' . l . s -' at 35 "C (AH: = 55 + 5 kJ .mol-', A S : = 105 f 11 J . mol-' . K -I ) .This result strongly indicates that it is not the large size of anions which is exclusively responsible for the equality k: = k l . The structure of the onium ions, their strong solvation, and the resulting weak interactions with anions are primarily responsible for the observed equalities. In methanol as solvent polymerization proceeds 30 times slowlier than in nitrobenzene and ion-pairs are more reactive by 40% than ions, in agreement with Enikolopyan's findings.
Experimental partMaterials: 1 -Azabicyclo[4.2.0]octane (1) was synthesized from 2-(2-piperidyl)ethanol according to ref. *). 1-Alkyl l-azoniabicyclo[4.2.O]octane iodides, bromides, picrates, and trifluoro-0025-1 16X/84/$03.00 52 K. Matyjaszewski methanesulfonates were prepared directly from 1 and the corresponding alkyl halide or ester in a 1 : 1 mole ratio in diethyl ether or 1 ,4-dioxane solution. The precipitated salts were crystallized from aceton or nitrobenzene. The l-ethyl-l-azoniabicyclo[4.2.O]octane fluoride was prepared from the corresponding bromide. The bromide was first reduced to the hydroxide in methanol with a five fold excess of silver oxide. After 5 h of stirring the silver bromide and unreacted oxide were filtered off and the solution was treated with 40% HF taken in 5% excess. The solution was dried on the vacuum line over P,O, during 7 days. l-Ethyl-l-azoniabicyclo[4.2.0]octane fluoride forms highly hygroscopic transparent crystals. Nitrobenzene was purified as described previously3). [2H,]-Methanol was dried over CaH, and distilled i. vac. Measurements: Conductometric measurements were performed in the apparatus described in ref. I), using a Tesla BM 484 semi-automatic precision bridge and Radelkis OK-902 cells (I, = 0,81 cm-').'H NMR spectra were recorded on a Perkin Elmer R12B (60 MHz) spectrometer. Raman spectra were recorded on a PHO Coderg Raman Spectrometer (with double monochromator) with ion-argon laser (Spectra Physics) emitting at 4880 A.
Results
Dksociation constantsQuaternary ammonium salts in polar solvents, e. g. nitrobenzene, are only slightly associated. Therefore, their conductivities are described by the generalized Eq. (1). (1) 1 and 1 , are the equivalent and the limiting equivalent conductivity (A, , = A,--,), Cis the solute concentration, a is the degree of dissociation, fthe activity coefficient, and KA the association constant, being the reciprocal of the dissociation constant: KA = (1a ) / f z . a 2 . C (2)The parameters S, E', and E; depend on the medium properties (temperature, viscosity, dielectric constant) and A,. For solvents with low dielectric constant the 3rd and 4th parameters of R...