Change in prevalence and severity of metabolic syndrome in the Sami and non-Sami population in rural Northern Norway using a repeated cross-sectional population-based study design: the SAMINOR Study

Michalsen, Vilde Lehne; Kvaløy, Kirsti; Svartberg, Johan; Siri, Susanna Ragnhild; Melhus, Marita; Broderstad, Ann Ragnhild

doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2018-027791

Cited by 16 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 46 publications

(69 reference statements)

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“…Our findings are in accordance with a more general finding from other recent epidemiological studies, that there are only small or no differences between the Sami and non-Sami population in Norway regarding somatic health [47] and cardiovascular risk factors [32,33]. These favorable findings are usually explained by minor differences between the ethnic groups in socioeconomic factors (e.g., income, education), and cardiovascular risk factors and life style.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…We found inverse relationships between age and change in weight and waist circumference in both Sami and non-Sami participants, although the strength of the relationships differ somewhat between the Sami and non-Sami women (Table 4, S3 Table and S5 Table). Our results confirm recent findings of an increase in mean waist circumference in both Sami and non-Sami participants in repeated cross-sectional analysis including participants who attended one or both surveys [32,33].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

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A descriptive study of ten-year longitudinal changes in weight and waist circumference in the multi-ethnic rural Northern Norway. The SAMINOR Study, 2003-2014

Jacobsen¹,

Melhus²,

Kvaløy³

et al. 2020

PLoS ONE

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The obesity epidemic is dynamic with varying secular trends and differences between countries and ethnic groups. The objective of this study was to describe the age-and sex-specific longitudinal changes in weight and waist circumference in a rural Norwegian population with a high proportion of the indigenous Sami population. Based on two population-based surveys, SAMINOR 1 (2003-2004) and SAMINOR 2 (2012-2014), we present longitudinal changes in weight and waist circumference according to age at baseline in the SAMINOR 1 Survey and sex during the 10-year period. The analyses included 1538 men and 1958 women aged 36 to 69 at baseline (birth year 1934 to 1967). Forty-one percent of the population were Sami. Both weight and waist circumference were measured. The mean weight increased 0.8 kg (95% confidence interval: 0.5, 1.1) in men and 0.3 kg (95% confidence interval: 0, 0.5) in women. In both men and women, younger individuals gained significantly more weight during the 10-year follow-up than older participants (p < 0.001). The mean weight showed a statistically significant increase in men aged 36-54 and women aged 36-49 at baseline and was statistically significantly reduced in men and women aged 60-69. The mean waist circumference increased by 6.3 cm (95% confidence interval: 6.0, 6.6) in men and 8.4 cm (95% confidence interval 8.1, 8.8) in women. The mean waist circumference increased statistically significantly from SAMINOR 1 to SAMINOR 2 in all age groups, and there was an inverse relationship between age at baseline and change in waist circumference (p < 0.001). Waist circumference increased more than can be explained by changes in weight and age during the 10-year period. The inverse relationships between age at baseline in SAMINOR 1 and the 10-year change in weight and waist circumference were found in both Sami and non-Sami participants. The findings underline the need for prevention of obesity, particularly in younger people, as it is difficult to achieve permanent weight loss.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

A descriptive study of ten-year longitudinal changes in weight and waist circumference in the multi-ethnic rural Northern Norway. The SAMINOR Study, 2003-2014

Jacobsen¹,

Melhus²,

Kvaløy³

et al. 2020

PLoS ONE

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“…Participants not fulfilling the criteria were categorised as non-Sami. The definitions we have used comply with several recent SAMINOR-based studies 25–27. The use of both self-identification (subjective criterion) and language connection (objective criterion) resembles the criteria requested in order to vote or be elected to the Sami Parliament 7.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Weight underestimation linked to anxiety and depression in a cross-sectional study of overweight individuals in a Sami and non-Sami Norwegian population: the SAMINOR Study

Kvaløy

Melhus²,

Silviken

et al. 2019

BMJ Open

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ObjectivesUnderestimation of overweight/obesity may prevent weight loss attempts, resulting in further weight gain and maintenance of overweight. Mental health benefits may nevertheless surpass negative consequences. Our main objective was to study the association between underestimation of overweight/obesity and symptoms of anxiety and depression in Sami and non-Sami populations.DesignPopulation-based cross-sectional study.SettingThe SAMINOR 2 Clinical Study with participants from 10 municipalities in Northern Norway enrolled between 2012 and 2014.ParticipantsThe study included 3266 adults of multiethnic rural origin with overweight/obesity (body mass index (BMI) ≥25 kg/m2) whereof 1384 underestimated their weight (42%).Primary and secondary outcome measuresPrimary outcome measure was symptoms of anxiety and depression and secondary outcome measures were BMI and the demographic variables: sex, age, education and marital status.ResultsA higher proportion of Sami men compared with non-Sami men were obese, and reported more symptoms of anxiety and depression. More men than women, and a higher proportion of Sami women compared with non-Sami women, underestimated their weight. Multivariable-adjusted analyses showed that women were less likely to underestimate their weight compared with men (OR 0.43, 95% CI 0.33 to 0.55 in Sami and OR 0.33, 95% CI 0.26 to 0.42 in non-Sami), higher BMI was protective against weight underestimation (OR 0.72, 95% CI 0.69 to 0.75 in Sami and OR 0.63, 95% CI 0.60 to 0.67 in non-Sami), slightly higher odds of weight underestimation were observed with increasing age in both ethnic groups (OR 1.03, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.05 in Sami and OR 1.02, 95% CI 1.00 to 1.03 in non-Sami), while higher education lowered the odds in non-Sami (OR 0.69, 95% CI 0.55 to 0.87). Weight underestimation was protectively associated with anxiety and depression in Sami men (OR 0.48, 95% CI 0.27 to 0.84) and in non-Sami women (OR 0.44, 95% CI 0.25 to 0.78) adjusted for age, BMI, education and marital status.ConclusionsIndependent of ethnicity, more men than women underestimated their weight. Underestimation of weight was protectively associated with anxiety and depression in Sami men and non-Sami women.

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“…There are only minor differences in the health and wellbeing of Sámi and Norwegian peoples [94]. For example, researchers have reported negligible differences in the prevalence of central obesity and diet-related chronic conditions such as type 2 diabetes [95][96][97][98]. There is some empirical evidence of ethnic discrimination being experienced by the Sámi, with implications on self-reported health [90] and health outcomes including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, chronic muscle pain, metabolic syndrome and obesity [99], and psychological distress [100].…”

Section: Norwaymentioning

confidence: 99%

How Neoliberalism Shapes Indigenous Oral Health Inequalities Globally: Examples from Five Countries

Jamieson

Hedges

McKinstry

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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Evidence suggests that countries with neoliberal political and economic philosophical underpinnings have greater health inequalities compared to less neoliberal countries. But few studies examine how neoliberalism specifically impacts health inequalities involving highly vulnerable populations, such as Indigenous groups. Even fewer take this perspective from an oral health viewpoint. From a lens of indigenous groups in five countries (the United States, Canada, Australia, Aotearoa/New Zealand and Norway), this commentary provides critical insights of how neoliberalism, in domains including colonialism, racism, inter-generational trauma and health service provision, shapes oral health inequalities among Indigenous societies at a global level. We posit that all socially marginalised groups are disadvantaged under neoliberalism agendas, but that this is amplified among Indigenous groups because of ongoing legacies of colonialism, institutional racism and intergenerational trauma.

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Change in prevalence and severity of metabolic syndrome in the Sami and non-Sami population in rural Northern Norway using a repeated cross-sectional population-based study design: the SAMINOR Study

Cited by 16 publications

References 46 publications

A descriptive study of ten-year longitudinal changes in weight and waist circumference in the multi-ethnic rural Northern Norway. The SAMINOR Study, 2003-2014

A descriptive study of ten-year longitudinal changes in weight and waist circumference in the multi-ethnic rural Northern Norway. The SAMINOR Study, 2003-2014

Weight underestimation linked to anxiety and depression in a cross-sectional study of overweight individuals in a Sami and non-Sami Norwegian population: the SAMINOR Study

How Neoliberalism Shapes Indigenous Oral Health Inequalities Globally: Examples from Five Countries

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