Change in stereotypic perceptions of familiar and unfamiliar groups: The pervasiveness of the subtyping model

Abstract

The present study examined change in stereotypic perceptions of occupational groups, using a 2 (pattern of presented stereotype inconsistent information: concentrated in a few members vs. dispersed across all members) X 2 (perceived group variability: homogeneous vs. heterogeneous) X 2 (familiarity with the group: familiar vs. unfamiliar) design, following the procedure used by Hewstone, Johnston & Aird (1992). There was no support for the 'conversion' model. Stereotype change was generally greater in dispersed than in concentrated conditions, while subtyping was stronger in concentrated than in dispersed conditions. There was limited evidence that familiarity might moderate the effects of pattern of disconfirming instances. Results were interpreted in terms of a prototype version of the subtyping model.

Ethnophaulisms for ethnic immigrant groups: the contributions of group size and familiarity

“…It was expected that the previously delineated links between ethnic immigrant group size and cognitive representations in ethnophaulisms (Mullen & Johnson, 1993, 1995Mullen et al, 2000) would be replicated here. However, the present effort extends beyond previous research in several ways: Ethnic immigrant group size was expected to be directly related to ethnic immigrant group familiarity (similar to Kalin & Berry, 1982).…”

“…The documented effects of ethnic immigrant group size on ethnophaulism complexity (Mullen & Johnson, 1993, 1995Mullen et al, 2000) and ethnophaulism valence (Mullen et al, 2000) might be an artifact of a more fundamental direct effect of ethnic immigrant group familiarity on cognitive representations in ethnophaulisms. In other words, while there might be a direct link between group size and group familiarity, it might be familiarity (and not group size) that exerts the more direct effect on cognitive representations.…”

“…Group familiarity has not received as much social psychological research attention as group size, although group familiarity has ®gured prominently in a few approaches to intergroup perception (e.g. Hantzi, 1995;Huddy & Virtanen, 1995;Linville, 1998;Linville & Fischer, 1993;Park, Ryan, & Judd, 1992;Prothro & Melikian, 1955;Simon, Kulla, & Zobel, 1995;Smith, Grif®th, Grif®th, & Steger, 1980;Taft, 1959;Vinacke, 1956).…”

“…The present investigation is an extension of previous efforts to explore the use of ethnophaulisms as cognitive representations of ethnic immigrant groups (Mullen & Johnson, 1993, 1995Mullen, Rozell, & Johnson, 2000). To begin, the use of ethnophaulisms as cognitive representations of ethnic immigrant groups will be reviewed.…”

Facilitating police–minority youth attitude change: The effects of cooperation within a competitive context and exposure to typical exemplars

“…Although no validity information is available, these measures are consistent with much of the social psychological literature on attitude change~e.g., Haunschild, Moreland, & Murrell, 1994;Hantzi, 1995;Hewstone, Johnston, & Aird, 1992!, and are intended to represent the participants' subjective experience.…”