Change in the intestinal bacterial community structure associated with environmental microorganisms during the growth of Eriocheir sinensis

Abstract

As an important organ to maintain the host's homeostasis, intestinal microbes play an important role in development of the organism. In contrast to those of terrestrial animals, the intestinal microbes of aquatic organisms are affected by environmental microorganisms (including water microorganisms and sediment microorganisms). In the present study, the compositional differences of intestinal microbes in three representative developmental stages of the Chinese mitten crab ( Eriocheir sinensis ) were studied. Meanwhile, network association analysis, and visualization of the water microorganisms of the crabs’ habitat, the environment microorganisms in the pond, and the intestinal microbes, was carried out. The results showed that the gut microbiota diversity index decreased continuously with age, and the four bacteria of Aeromonas (Proteobacteria), Defluviitaleaceae (Firmicutes), Candidatus Bacilloplasma (Tenericutes), and Dysgonomonas (Bacteroidetes) were the “indigenous” flora of the crab. In the network‐related analysis with the environment, we found that as the culture time increased, the effect of environmental microorganisms on the intestinal microbes of crabs gradually decreased, and the four “indigenous” bacteria were always unaffected by the environmental microorganisms. The results of this study identified the core bacteria of the crab and, for the first time, studied the relationship between intestinal environmental microorganisms, which will aid the practical production of crabs and will promote research into the relationship between specific bacteria and the physiological metabolism of crabs.

Interaction Between the Intestinal Microbial Community and Transcriptome Profile in Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio L.)

“… Li et al (2013) identified the relative abundance of Firmicutes over Bacteroidetes as a factor contributing to the fast growth of transgenic common carp. These two bacterial taxa were proposed as the “indigenous” flora of the crab ( Wang et al, 2019 ), and we also found that Firmicutes comprise a large proportion of the gut flora in the selection group. In humans, the Firmicutes / Bacteroidetes ratio changes during different life stages.…”

“…Through the analysis of water quality, bottom sediment (mud), and the intestinal microbial flora structure of Eriocheir sinensis in different growth and development stages, it was found that Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Soft-walled, and Bacteroides are the endogenous intestinal flora. The influence of the environment on the intestinal microflora becomes smaller with time ( Wang et al, 2019 ). With regards to the interaction mechanism between the gut microbial flora and host gene expression, studies have found that about 10% of the host transcriptome is regulated by microorganisms, mainly including genes in immune, cell proliferation, and metabolic functions.…”

The invasive red-eared slider turtle is more successful than the native Chinese three-keeled pond turtle: evidence from the gut microbiota

“…The past few years have witnessed much attention paid to the gut microbiota of aquatic animals including invertebrates ( Meziti, Mente & Kormas, 2012 ; Wang et al, 2019 ; Gao et al, 2020 ), fish ( Divya et al, 2012 ; Xing et al, 2013 ; Egerton et al, 2018 ), reptiles ( Ahasan et al, 2018 ; Zhang et al, 2019 ; Scheelings et al, 2020 ) and mammals ( Nelson et al, 2013 ; Delport et al, 2016 ). The gut microbes have a mutually-beneficial relationship with their hosts.…”

A First Insight into the Structural and Functional Comparison of Environmental Microbiota in Freshwater Turtle Chinemys reevesii at Different Growth Stages under Pond and Greenhouse Cultivation

“…In the GC environment, pH ( r = 0.501, p < 0.05), PO 4 -P ( r = 0.505, p < 0.05), and SD ( r = 0.534, p < 0.05) played significant roles in the bacterial community composition ( Figure 6 B). These findings indicate that the environmental factors change with the change in breeding cycle, which affects the growth and living environment of the turtle [ 74 , 75 ]. These findings also explain that the microbial composition and abundance of water are closely related to water quality indicators [ 25 , 76 ].…”