Change in the polarization of light in a turbulent atmosphere

Anufriev, A. V.; Zimin, Yu A; Vol'pov, A L; Matveev, I. N.

doi:10.1070/qe1983v013n12abeh005021

Cited by 16 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…Since the first aircraft-based QKD experiment was verified successfully in 2013 [19] , in the past decade, numerous studies have been focusing on the challenges of airborne QKD links [19][20][21][22][23][24][25] . Compared with ground stations, airborne QKDs feature high-speed maneuverability and suffer complicated atmosphere conditions that include atmospheric turbulence [26][27][28][29][30] , background noise [31][32][33] , and attitude disturbance [14] . Furthermore, a very thin layer of air will stick over the surface of the aircraft with high velocity, resulting in the boundary layer (BL) [34,35] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Satellite-to-aircraft quantum key distribution performance estimation with boundary layer effects

Yu¹,

Tang²,

Li³

et al. 2023

中国光学快报

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Remarkable progress has been made in satellite-based quantum key distribution (QKD), which can effectively provide QKD service even at the intercontinental scale and construct an ultralong-distance global quantum network. But there are still some places where terrestrial fiber and ground stations cannot be constructed, like harsh mountainous areas and air space above the sea. So the airborne platform is expected to replace the ground station and provide flexible and relay links for the large-scale integrated communication network. However, the photon transmission rate would be randomly reduced, owing to the randomly distributed boundary layer that surrounds the surface of the aircraft when the flight speed is larger than 0.3 Ma. Previous research of airborne QKD with boundary layer effects is mainly under the air-to-ground scenario in which the aircraft is a transmitter, while the satellite-to-aircraft scenario is rarely reported. In this article, we propose a performance evaluation scheme of satellite-to-aircraft QKD with boundary layer effects in which the aircraft is the receiver. With common experimental settings, the boundary layer would introduce a ∼31 dB loss to the transmitted photons, decrease ∼47% of the quantum communication time, and decrease ∼51% of the secure key rate, which shows that the aero-optical effects caused by the boundary layer cannot be ignored. Our study can be performed in future airborne quantum communication designs.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Satellite-to-aircraft quantum key distribution performance estimation with boundary layer effects

Yu¹,

Tang²,

Li³

et al. 2023

中国光学快报

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“…In 2020, Nanjing University reported an entanglement distribution based on drones which achieved 200 meters coverage and duration of 40 minutes [24]. Compared with satellite-toground quantum communication, airborne QKD features in high-speed maneuverability and suffers complicate atmosphere conditions, including atmospheric turbulence [30][31][32][33][34][35], background noise [36][37][38][39][40] and attitude disturbance [41]. Furthermore, a very thin layer of air will stick over the surface of the aircraft with high velocity, resulting in the boundary layer (BL) [42].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Airborne Quantum Key Distribution with Boundary Layer Effects

Yu¹,

Tang²,

Chen³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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With the substantial progress of terrestrial fiber-based quantum networks and satellite-based quantum nodes, airborne quantum key distribution (QKD) is now becoming a flexible bond between terrestrial fiber and satellite, which is an efficient solution to establish a mobile, on-demand, and real-time coverage quantum network. However, the random distributed boundary layer is always surrounded to the surface of the aircraft when the flight speed larger than 0.3 Ma, which would introduce random wavefront aberration, jitter and extra intensity attenuation to the transmitted photons. In this article, we propose a performance evaluation scheme of airborne QKD with boundary layer effects. The analyzed results about the photon deflection angle and wavefront aberration effects, show that the aero-optical effects caused by the boundary layer can not be ignored, which would heavily decrease the final secure key rate. In our proposed airborne QKD scenario, the boundary layer would introduce ∼3.5 dB loss to the transmitted photons and decrease ∼70.7 % of the secure key rate. With tolerated quantum bit error rate set to 10 %, the suggested quantum communication azimuth angle between the aircraft and the ground station is within 60 • . Furthermore, the optimal beacon laser module and adaptive optics module are suggested to be employed, to improve the performance of airborne QKD system. Our detailed airborne QKD performance evaluation study can be performed to the future airborne quantum communication designs.

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“…Polarization is a key ingredient of a light beam which has a number of practical applications both in the quantum and classical realms. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] In recent years, growing attention has been focused on the polarization fluctuations of quantum light propagating through a turbulent atmosphere since it plays an important role in free-space optical communications and remote sensing. [11][12][13] The polarization properties of a linearly polarized quantum beam in turbulent atmosphere have been reported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantum polarization fluctuations of partially coherent dark hollow beams in non-Kolmogorov turbulence atmosphere

Zhang

Qiao

et al. 2016

Chinese Phys. B

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Non-classical polarization properties of dark hollow beams propagating through non-Kolmogorov turbulence are studied. The analytic equation for the polarization degree of the quantization partially coherent dark hollow beams is obtained. It is found that the polarization fluctuations of the quantization partially coherent dark hollow beams are dependent on the turbulence factors and beam parameters with the detection photon numbers. Furthermore, an investigation of the changes in the on-axis propagation point and off-axis propagation point shows that the polarization degree of the quantization partially coherent dark hollow beams presents oscillation for a short propagation distance and gradually returns to zero for a sufficiently long distance.

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Change in the polarization of light in a turbulent atmosphere

Cited by 16 publications

References 1 publication

Satellite-to-aircraft quantum key distribution performance estimation with boundary layer effects

Satellite-to-aircraft quantum key distribution performance estimation with boundary layer effects

Airborne Quantum Key Distribution with Boundary Layer Effects

Quantum polarization fluctuations of partially coherent dark hollow beams in non-Kolmogorov turbulence atmosphere

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