Change in the strategy for prophylactic diazepam use for febrile seizures and the impact on seizure recurrence within 24 h

Inoue, Masataka; Adachi, Shunichi; Kawakami, Isao; Koga, Hiroshi

doi:10.1016/j.seizure.2019.12.021

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The prophylactic use of diazepam has been controversial. In a retrospective study in Japan comparing rectal administration and seizure recurrence within 24 h of the first seizure, in 2011–2015 (when prophylactic diazepam use was recommended before guideline revision) and in 2016–2018 (when routine diazepam use was not recommended after guideline revision), results showed an association between increased FS recurrence within 24 h and decreased prophylactic diazepam use ( Inoue et al, 2020 ). However, a recent meta-analysis showed that for children at increased risk of frequent or complex seizures, although intermittent diazepam and continuous phenobarbital may reduce the recurrence rate, the adverse effects are up to 30%; therefore, intermittent and continuous treatment with antiepileptic drugs is not recommended and families and parents should receive sufficient information about the disease ( Offringa et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A bibliometric analysis of the recent advances in diazepam from 2012 to 2021

Zhang

Kou²,

Qin³

et al. 2022

Front. Pharmacol.

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Background: Diazepam is a classic benzodiazepine drug that has been widely used for disorders such as anxiety, sleep disorders, and epilepsy, over the past 59 years. The study of diazepam has always been an important research topic. However, there are few bibliometric analyses or systematic studies in this field. This study undertook bibliometric and visual analysis to ascertain the current status of diazepam research, and to identify research hotspots and trends in the past 10 years, to better understand future developments in basic and clinical research.Methods: Articles and reviews of diazepam were retrieved from the Web of Science core collection. Using CiteSpace, VOSviewer, and Scimago Graphica software, countries, institutions, authors, journals, references, and keywords in the field were visually analyzed.Results: A total of 3,870 publications were included. Diazepam-related literature had high volumes of publications and citations. The majority of publications were from the USA and China. The highest number of publications and co-citations, among the authors, was by James M Cook. Epilepsia and the Latin American Journal of Pharmacy were the journals with the most publications on diazepam and Epilepsia was the most frequently cited journal. Through a comprehensive analysis of keywords and references, we found that current research on diazepam has focused on its mechanism of action, application in disease, pharmacokinetics, risk, assessment, and management of use, status epilepticus, gamma-aminobutyric acid receptors (GABAR), intranasal formulation, gephyrin, and that ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) is the current research hotspot.Conclusion: Research on diazepam is flourishing. We identified research hotspots and trends in diazepam research using bibliometric and visual analytic methods. The clinical applications, mechanisms of action, pharmacokinetics, and assessment and management of the use of diazepam are the focus of current research and the development trend of future research.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A bibliometric analysis of the recent advances in diazepam from 2012 to 2021

Zhang

Kou²,

Qin³

et al. 2022

Front. Pharmacol.

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“…Previous studies reported that prophylactic diazepam had the potential to minimize the risk of FS recurrence within 24 hours and given only while the fever was present. [29][30][31][32][33] Additionally, consensus on the management of FS by Indonesia's Pediatricians Association stated that the use of oral diazepam or rectal diazepam in every 8 hours at fever of >38.5°C can minimize the risk of recurrent FS in 30 to 60% cases. 34 Most of the patients in this study reported having simple FS, similar to the previous studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Predicting the Recurrence of Febrile Seizure in Siloam General Hospital: A Descriptive Analysis

Octavius

Handoko

Budiputri

et al. 2021

Journal of Pediatric Epilepsy

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Febrile seizure (FS) is one of the most common pediatric neurologic disorders, affecting 2 to 5% of children between 6 months and 5 years. In 2008 to 2010, almost half of children with FS in Indonesia experienced recurrences. Various factors have been related to potential predictors for FS recurrence. However, available data reported inconsistent results. Considering its high recurrence rate, this study aimed to determine and assess the factors predicting the recurrence of FS. A cross-sectional study was done in Siloam General Hospital, Lippo Village. The study period was from December 2018 to December 2019, and data were obtained through medical records. Out of 60 participants, 41.7% had recurrent FS. No administration of rectal diazepam before admission (odds ratio [OR] = 6.42; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.20–34.2, p = 0.027) was a predictive factor of recurrent FS, while female sex (OR = 0.23; 95% CI: 0.64–0.80, p = 0.025) and shorter duration of the first FS (OR = 0.21; 95% CI 0.06–0.69, p = 0.008) were protective factors of recurrent FS. Identification of factors predicting the recurrence of FS is a powerful tool for clinicians. This study showed that no administration of rectal diazepam before admission was correlated with the risk of FS recurrence, while shorter duration of FS and female sex were protective factors of recurrent FS.

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“…According to a study done in Japan from 2011 to 2018, there was an increase in the recurrence of FS with a decrease in the dose of diazepam compared to the year. This concludes the potential use of rectal administration of diazepam as a prophylactic agent [21]. Another comparative double-blind trial was done to analyze the difference between the continuous use of sodium valproate and phenobarbitone in the prevention of simple FS.…”

Section: Prevention and Prognosismentioning

confidence: 93%

“…A single-center retrospective study conducted in Japan in 2020, among six- to 60-month-old children, suggested that when the use of rectal diazepam was decreased, there was a significant rise in hospital revisits for the cases of recurrences of FS [ 21 ]. In another RCT study done in the Netherlands on the prophylactic use of ibuprofen syrup for a reduction in the recurrent attack of FS, no significant reduction in the rates of recurrence of FS was noticed by giving ibuprofen syrup prophylactically with the increasing body temperature in children [ 22 ].…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Febrile Seizures: A Therapeutic Review of Current Modalities

Patel,

Shah,

Suresh

et al. 2023

Cureus

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As benign as its nature is, a febrile seizure (FS) can be one of the most frightening experiences for parents to witness. It is a seizure that occurs in infants and children aged six months to five years, accompanied by a fever (with a temperature of at least 100.4°F or 38.0°C by any method), without any infection in the central nervous system. FS is typically benign and tends to resolve on its own. Overall, the risk of recurrence after an FS is high, so there is still a sizable knowledge discrepancy that needs to be addressed for better understanding and management of the disease. Thus, the objective of this review is to evaluate current therapeutic modalities available for FS and summarize recent recommendations on the management of this condition. On June 25, 2023, a review was undertaken using the Medical Subject Headings Tool (MeSH), and the following keywords yielded 867 results: seizures, febrile/drug therapy [Mesh] and seizures, and febrile/therapy [Mesh]. A total of 21 relevant articles were chosen for the research. Seizures were classified as simple and complex FS (CFS) based on clinical features. CFS usually results in recurrence. Certain investigations like computed tomography (CT) scans, magnetic resonance imaging (MRIs), and electroencephalography (EEG) are helpful, along with laboratory investigations, to rule out other causes of FS. After reviewing the current literature, we have tried to conclude whether the current pharmacotherapy is effective in treating FS.

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Change in the strategy for prophylactic diazepam use for febrile seizures and the impact on seizure recurrence within 24 h

Cited by 6 publications

References 24 publications

A bibliometric analysis of the recent advances in diazepam from 2012 to 2021

A bibliometric analysis of the recent advances in diazepam from 2012 to 2021

Factors Predicting the Recurrence of Febrile Seizure in Siloam General Hospital: A Descriptive Analysis

Evaluation of Febrile Seizures: A Therapeutic Review of Current Modalities

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