Change of Bioaccumulation of Toxic Metals in Vegetables

A detailed survey of agroecological status of Allium ursinum across the republic of Serbia: Mineral composition and bioaccumulation potential

“…According to Kabata-Pendias [ 38 ] this disparity can be attributed to various mutually antagonistic and synergistic relationships among environmental factors, which play a dominant role. Similarly, Sipter et al [ 75 ] investigated the degree of bioaccumulation of some PTEs (As, Pb, Cu, Hg, Zn, Hg and Cd) in the species Rumex acetosa and Allium schoenoprasum from the genus Allium and reported similar effects. In a recent study by Vuković et al [ 6 ] similar bioaccumulation in A. odorum and A. schoenoprasum was found for K (1.07–1.74 and 0.75–0.94); Ca (0.28–0.56 and 0.05–0.07); Mg (0.02–0.03 and 0.01–0.02); Fe (0.0002–0.0004 and 0.0004–0.0007); Mn (0.001–0.002 and 0.001–0.003); Cu (0.011–0.014 and 0.006–0.01); Zn (0.017–0.023 and 0.01–0.025); B (0.07–0.27 and 0.04–0.24); Ni (0.0004–0.002 and 0.0005–0.006); Na (not detected −0.058 and not detected); As (not detected - 0.058 and not detected); Cr (0.001–0.003 and 0.002–0.005); Pb (not detected-0.003 and not detected - 0.002); Al (0.0001–0.0004 and 0.0003–0.001) where the accumulation of other potential toxic elements was not significantly pronounced.…”

“…Bioaccumulation represents the ability of a plant to accumulate chemical elements during its life cycle from the soil when the element is necessary for some physiological processes. Understanding bioaccumulation factors is of great importance for the definition of uptake of BEs/PTEs, because the plant indiscriminately adopts elements from the soil [ 39 , 75 ]. As a basis for assessing the degree of bioaccumulation [ 76 , 77 ] a four-point scale was used ( Table 8 ).…”

Potential Risk of Consuming Vegetables Planted in Soil with Copper and Cadmium and the Influence on Vegetable Antioxidant Activity

“…Fan et al [45] indicated that Cu was mainly accumulated in the root and leaf parts. It is well known that BAF variation depends on the metal, the plant species, soil pollution level, and soil acidity [29]. For example, BAF values were found to be >1 for Cr, Cd, Cu, Mn, Pb, and Zn in berseem clover (Trifolium alexandrinum) [44], which indicated that berseem was a suitable accumulator of these metals in natural conditions.…”

“…Even though they did not discuss the health risks of ingesting the contaminated cabbage, or conduct a risk assessment, they raised concerns of heavy metal exposure through the food chain. In another case, Sipter et al [29] planted two vegetables (sorrel and amaranth) in pots with contaminated soil that was taken from near an abandoned mine in Hungary, and the accumulated element concentrations indicated that the vegetables that were grown in such soil could have negative health effects on consumers. Pot experiments can be easier, cheaper, and more effective than field experiments, and they can be used to indicate whether land remediation to reduce levels of heavy metals is needed prior to planting.…”

Environmental Impact of Potentially Toxic Elements on Tropical Soils Used for Large-Scale Crop Commodities in the Eastern Amazon, Brazil

“…EF values > 2 are strongly related to anthropic actions [38]. The ratio between the concentrations of PTEs in plant tissues and the total concentration in soils, which is called bioaccumulation factor (BAF), is one of the most important input variables in human health risk assessments [39,40].…”