Change of Climatic Growing Season in Korea

Jung, Myung-Pyo; Shim, Kang-Bo; Kim, Yong-Seok; Choi, In-Tae

doi:10.5338/kjea.2015.34.3.27

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Over North America, a rise of about 1.3 days per decade is apparent in the United States for 1900-2014 (Kukal and Irmak, 2018), with larger increases after 1980 (McCabe et al, 2015); likewise, all ecozones in Canada experienced increases from 1950-2010 (Pedlar et al, 2015). Growing season length in China increased by at least 1.0 days per decade since 1960 (Xia et al, 2018) and by several days per decade in South Korea since 1970 (Jung et al, 2015). In general, changes in phenological indicators are consistent with the increase in growing season length documented by instrumental data (Parmesan and Hanley, 2015).…”

Section: Growing Season and Phenology Changessupporting

confidence: 68%

Changing State of the Climate System

2023

Climate Change 2021 – The Physical Science Basis

120

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Chapter 2 assesses observed large-scale changes in climate system drivers, key climate indicators and principal modes of variability. Chapter 3 considers model performance and detection/attribution, and Chapter 4 covers projections for a subset of these same indicators and modes of variability. Collectively, these chapters provide the basis for later chapters, which focus upon processes and regional changes. Within Chapter 2, changes are assessed from in situ and remotely sensed data and products and from indirect evidence of longer-term changes based upon a diverse range of climate proxies. The timeevolving availability of observations and proxy information dictate the periods that can be assessed. Wherever possible, recent changes are assessed for their significance in a longer-term context, including target proxy periods, both in terms of mean state and rates of change.The increase in GMST since the mid-19th century was preceded by a slow decrease that began in the mid-Holocene (around 6500 years ago) (medium confidence). {2.3.1.1, Cross-Chapter Box 2.1} Changes in GMST and global surface air temperature (GSAT) over time differ by at most 10% in either direction (high confidence), and the long-term changes in GMST and GSAT are presently assessed to be identical. There is expanded uncertainty in GSAT estimates, with the assessed change from 1850-1900 to 1995-2014 being 0.85 [0.67 to 0.98] °C. {Cross-Chapter Box 2.3} The troposphere has warmed since at least the 1950s, and it is virtually certain that the stratosphere has cooled. In the Tropics, the upper troposphere has warmed faster than the near-surface since at least 2001, the period over which new observational techniques permit more robust quantification (medium confidence). It is virtually certain that the tropopause height has risen globally over 1980-2018, but there is low confidence in the magnitude. {2.3.1.2} Changes in several components of the global hydrological cycle provide evidence for overall strengthening since at least 1980 (high confidence). However, there is low confidence in comparing recent changes with past variations due to limitations in paleoclimate records at continental and global scales. Global land precipitation has likely increased since 1950, with a faster increase since the 1980s (medium confidence). Nearsurface specific humidity has increased over both land (very likely) and the oceans (likely) since at least the 1970s. Relative humidity has very likely decreased over land areas since 2000. Global total column water vapour content has very likely increased during the satellite era. Observational uncertainty leads to low confidence in global trends in precipitation minus evaporation and river runoff. {2.3.1.3} Several aspects of the large-scale atmospheric circulation have likely changed since the mid-20th century, but limited proxy evidence yields low confidence in how these changes compare to longer-term climate. The Hadley circulation has likely widened since at least the 1980s, and extratropical storm tracks have likely shi...

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Section: Growing Season and Phenology Changessupporting

confidence: 68%

Changing State of the Climate System

2023

Climate Change 2021 – The Physical Science Basis

120

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“…The change in the growing season was analyzed at a national scale with data collected at 19 meteorological stations in Korea from 1970 to 2013 (Jung et al 2015). These analyses showed that the length of the growing season increased by an average of 4.2 days/10 years due to advance of budburst timing (an average of 2.7 days/10 years) and leafing out was delayed by an average of 1.4 days/10 years (Jung et al 2015).…”

Section: Ecosystem: Biota In the Current State Phenologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends in the effects of climate change on terrestrial ecosystems in the Republic of Korea

et al. 2021

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In this review, we aimed to synthesize the current knowledge on the observed and projected effects of climate change on the ecosystems of Korea (i.e., the Republic of Korea (ROK) or South Korea), as well as the main causes of vulnerability and options for adaptation in these ecosystems based on a range of ecological and biogeographical data. To this end, we compiled a set of peer-reviewed papers published since 2014. We found that publication of climate-related studies on plants has decreased in the field of plant phenology and physiology, whereas such publication has rapidly increased in plant and animal community ecology, reflecting the range shifts and abundance change that are occurring under climate change. Plant phenology studies showed that climate change has increased growing seasons by advancing the timing of flowering and budburst while delaying the timing of leafing out. Community ecology studies indicated that the future ranges of cold-adapted plants and animals could shrink or shift toward northern and high-elevation areas, whereas the ranges of warm-adapted organisms could expand and/or shift toward the areas that the aforementioned cold-adapted biota previously occupied. This review provides useful information and new insights that will improve understanding of climate change effects on the ecosystems of Korea. Moreover, it will serve as a reference for policy-makers seeking to establish future sectoral adaptation options for protection against climate change.

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