Change of Serum Inflammatory Cytokines Levels in Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Pneumonia and Lung Cancer

Chen, Jian; Li, Xincai; Huang, Chaolin; Lin, Ying; Dai, Qigen

doi:10.1177/1533033820951807

Cited by 23 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…T lymphocytes released EVs that reduced cell viability and induced significant production of inflammatory cytokines IL-6, MCP-1, MCP-9 and TNF-a in human bronchial epithelial cells (HBEs), with decreased levels of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 [ 29 ]. IL-6 and TNF-a both have a role in the acute phase response of COPD, and TNF-a particularly is significantly associated with disease progression [ 68 ]. Together the studies showed that upon CS exposure, epithelial cells, T lymphocytes and neutrophils release increased levels of EVs containing biomolecules that further enhance the inflammatory response and degrade the ECM, causing lung tissue damage.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extracellular vesicles and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD): a systematic review

et al. 2022

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Background Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a common inflammatory disease of the airways characterized by irreversible airflow limitation, ranking the third highest cause of death worldwide. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are important intercellular communication mediators released by cells into their extracellular environment with the capacity to transfer biological signals. EVs involved in COPD hold great potential to understand disease pathogenesis and identify important biomarkers. This systematic review aims to examine all available research on EVs in the pathogenesis and diagnosis of COPD to identify existing knowledge and support further research within the field. Methods Publications were searched using PubMed and EMBASE with the search terms (Exosomes or extracellular vesicles or microvesicles or microparticles or ectosomes) AND (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or COPD or emphysema or bronchitis). Results Initial search yielded 512 papers of which 142 were manually selected for review and 43 were eligible for analyses. The studies were divided into groups according to the role of EVs in pathogenesis, EV origin and cargo, their role in COPD exacerbations and their diagnostic utility. EVs were found to be involved in the mechanism of pathogenesis of COPD, derived from various cell types, as well as containing modified levels of miRNAs. EVs also varied according to the pathophysiological status of disease, therefore presenting a possible method for COPD diagnosis and progress monitoring. Conclusion The current findings show the limited but good quality research looking at the role of EVs in COPD, demonstrating the need for more studies to better define and provide further insight into the functional characteristics of EV in COPD pathogenesis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extracellular vesicles and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD): a systematic review

et al. 2022

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“…31 Previous clinical studies have shown the importance of the pro-inflammatory factor IL-6 and the anti-inflammatory factor IL-10 in COPD. [32][33][34][35] IL-6 can promote overexpression of VEGF, leading to the formation of proliferative lesions of the vasculature. 36 The results of this study showed that after 2-8 weeks of treatment, IL-6 expression was significantly increased, while IL-10 expression was significantly decreased in the lung tissues of rats in the model groups.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electroacupuncture attenuates pulmonary vascular remodeling in a rat model of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease via the VEGF/PI3K/Akt pathway

et al. 2022

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Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by airflow limitation that is not fully reversible. Pulmonary vascular remodeling is the main pathological feature of COPD. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), the key regulator of angiogenesis, mediates activation of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) pathway, which regulates the proliferation and migration of vascular endothelial cells and plays important roles in pulmonary angiogenesis and remodeling in COPD. Here, the efficacy of electroacupuncture (EA) with respect to regulation of microvascular remodeling induced by VEGF/PI3K/Akt was evaluated in a rat model of COPD. Methods: Rats were randomly assigned to blank, COPD model, EA and sham acupuncture (SA) groups. Rats in the EA group received EA at GV14, BL13 and BL23 three times per week, while those in the SA group, as a control, received shallow and minimal electrostimulation at sites 5–10 mm away from the traditional acupuncture point locations. After 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment, the optimal treatment duration was determined according to the results of lung function, lung pathology and inflammatory factor levels. Then, microvessel density, protein levels and mRNA expression of selected VEGF/PI3K/Akt pathway intermediates were determined by immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry and Western blot analysis, and mRNA qRT-PCR, respectively. Results: EA improved lung function and lung tissue histopathology, with the best effect after 8 weeks of treatment, as noted by reduced density of lung microvessels and expression of angiogenesis-related factors (VEGF and endothelin (ET)-1). EA-treated COPD rats exhibited reduced VEGF, VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2), ET-1 mRNA and VEGF, VEGFR2, phosphorylated (p)-VEGFR2, PI3K, Akt, p-Akt, mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), and p-mTOR at the protein level in comparison with untreated and SA-treated COPD model rats. Conclusion: EA had beneficial effects on COPD in this animal model including reduced pulmonary vascular remodeling via mechanisms possibly related to the VEGF/PI3K/Akt pathway.

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“…Available data on the systemic levels of IL-10 in COPD are rather contradictory. A number of studies have demonstrated high serum IL-10 levels in patients with COPD [ 55 , 56 ]. At the same time, there are publications indicating a low concentration of IL-10 in the blood in severe COPD [ 54 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Toll-Like Receptor 2 in Regulation of T-Helper Immune Response in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Sidletskaya

Виткина

Denisenko

et al. 2021

Canadian Respiratory Journal

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Objective. According to modern views, the differences in the clinical course of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are associated with certain types of T-helper (Th) immune response. Recent data have shown that toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) is involved in the development of Th immune response. However, TLR2-mediated regulation of Th subpopulation balance in COPD needs to be elucidated. The aim of our work is to determine the mechanisms of TLR2-mediated regulation of Th immune response in COPD of varying severity. Methods. The study included 323 smokers/ex-smokers with stable COPD (GOLD I, GOLD II, and GOLD III) and 97 healthy nonsmokers (control group). Serum levels of Th1 (TNF- α and IFN- γ ), Th2 (IL-4), Th17 (IL-6 and IL-17A), Treg (IL-10) cytokines, and the percentage of peripheral blood Th cells expressing TLR2 (CD4+CD282+) were assessed by flow cytometry. Serum concentrations of IL-21 (Th17) and TGF-β1 (Treg) were measured using the ELISA method. The predominant Th cytokine profile in serum was determined by calculating the ratios between levels of Th1 and Th17 cytokines. Spearman’s correlation test was performed. Results. Patients with COPD GOLD II and III with Th1 and Th17 cytokine profiles exhibited an increase in the percentage of CD4+CD282+ cells compared to the control group. In COPD GOLD I–III, positive correlations between CD4+CD282+ cell frequency and Th17 cytokine levels (IL-6, IL-17A, and IL-21) were found. In COPD GOLD I, IL-10 concentration was negatively correlated with the percentages of studied cells; in COPD GOLD II, a positive correlation between these parameters was noted. Conclusions. Enhanced TLR2 expression on CD4+ cells shifts cytokine profile toward Th17 phenotype that plays a crucial role in COPD progression. The level of TLR2 expression on peripheral blood CD4+ cells may be considered as a biomarker for diagnosing and predicting the progression of COPD.

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Change of Serum Inflammatory Cytokines Levels in Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Pneumonia and Lung Cancer

Cited by 23 publications

References 56 publications

Extracellular vesicles and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD): a systematic review

Extracellular vesicles and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD): a systematic review

Electroacupuncture attenuates pulmonary vascular remodeling in a rat model of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease via the VEGF/PI3K/Akt pathway

Role of Toll-Like Receptor 2 in Regulation of T-Helper Immune Response in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

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