Glyceryl triacetate (GT) and nano titanium dioxide (TiO2) filler modified by titanate coupling agent were used to toughen cellulose diacetate to prepare CA/GT/nano TiO2@NZD-201 composites. The effects of glyceryl triacetate and modified titanium dioxide filler on the mechanical properties and rheological properties of cellulose acetate were studied. The rheological properties showed that glyceryl triacetate and modified nano TiO2 significantly increased the plasticity of the composite, reduced the complex viscosity, reduced the rigidity, and increased the viscoelastic ratio. The impact resistance of the composite was improved by 101% due to the addition of modified nano titanium dioxide.