Change of the structure and properties of alloys of aluminum with lead in the process of plastic strain

The Influence of Lead Suspension in Oil Lubricant on the Sliding Wear Behaviour of Cast Iron

“…An appraisal of the above discussion suggests that addition of solid lubricants in externally added base lubricants like oil proves more beneficial in terms of the sliding wear response of materials [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30] than when dispersed in the sliding material system [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21]. Furthermore, no direct correlation exists amongst different controlling parameters like sliding speed, pressure, test environment and nature and characteristics of the sliding pair material system and the solid lubricants; and rather the parameters produce a synergistic effect on the wear behaviour.…”

“…Furthermore, no direct correlation exists amongst different controlling parameters like sliding speed, pressure, test environment and nature and characteristics of the sliding pair material system and the solid lubricants; and rather the parameters produce a synergistic effect on the wear behaviour. It is also evident from the discussion that lead has extensively been used as a solid lubricant in Cu-based alloys in various tribological applications [11][12][13][14][15][16][17] while it has shown potential in similar applications when dispersed in aluminium matrices [18][19][20][21]. In such cases, the beneficial effects of lead could be realized in selected conditions only with adverse effects on mechanical properties [11][12][13][14][15][16][17].…”

“…A comparative study of the sliding wear behaviour of the leaded copper-based alloys with that of zinc-based alloys revealed inferior wear response of the Cu alloys at slower speeds in view of the predominant adverse effect of cracking tendency due to lead while the trend reversed at higher speeds as a result of suppressed cracking tendency and more effective formation of lead film [11,12,14,15,17]. Lead particles have also been incorporated in aluminium alloy matrices and their sliding wear behaviour investigated [18][19][20][21]. It has been observed that lead dispersed in aluminium by stir casting technique helps to realize improved sliding wear resistance [18][19][20].…”

“…A comparison of wear response has shown the aluminium-lead alloys to attain higher wear resistance and lower friction coefficient than that of aluminium-tin alloys in sliding wear conditions [21]. Application of accelerated cooling under excess pressure enables to improve the quantity of dispersion, degree of homogeneity of distribution and refine the size of lead particles in the aluminium matrix making the alloys suitable as a lining material for journal bearing applications [21].…”

Pedagogical support of the “creative cluster” in bachelors’ online education

“…Yu. S. Avraamov have also argued about the advantages and disadvantages of online learning [3]. Pedagogical support of online learning oversees the educational process through Internet platforms, observing all its components (goals, objectives, content, methods, and means of teaching), followed by an interactive and specific form of implementation through Internet technology.…”