“…Recent research has explored differences in physical activity behavior and in related psychological constructs based on gender (Lochbaum, Bixby, & Wang, 2007;Phongsavan, McLean, & Bauman, 2007), education (Brown, Yore, Ham, & Macera, 2005 Wyatt, Ghushchyan, & Sullivan, 2003), age (Renner, Spivak, Kwon, & Schwarzer, 2007;Skelly, Dougherty, Gesler, Soward, Burns, & Arcury, 2006), disease type (Plotnikoff, 2007b), and across time (Nizt & Choy, 2007;Stamatakis, Ekelund, & Wareham, 2007). A valid interpretation of research examining decisional balance differences among these types of population subgroups, or between time points, will be enhanced by evidence of configural, metric, and scalar measurement invariance.…”