Changes in alveolar process dimensions following extraction of molars with advanced periodontal disease: A clinical pilot study

Abstract

Objective: To use cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) to assess the alterations of socket dimensions after a 6-month healing period following molar extraction.Materials and methods: Seventeen molars were extracted due to advanced periodontitis. CBCT scans were taken immediately after extraction and once more 6 months later. Superimposition of CBCT images was used to measure the following:horizontal changes at extraction sites at three corono-apical levels (−1, −3, and −5 mm) below the bone crest, three mesio-distal levels (mesial, central, and distal), vertical changes at nine regions of the alveolar crest, and alveolar bone volume. Results: The width of the central crests at −1 mm decreased by 0.59 and 0.72 mm in the buccal and 0.27 and 0.02 mm in the lingual, in the maxilla and mandible, respectively. No statistically significant decreases in the ridge height were observed except in the disto-palatal region with a 1.11 mm decrease in the maxilla (p < 0.05). Heights of the buccal and lingual bone plates decreased significantly and ranged from 0.56 to 1.38 mm in the mandible after 6 months of healing (p < 0.05). Overall, ridge height changes were not significantly different between the maxilla and mandible (p > 0.05) and no significant volumetric bone loss occurred in either maxillary or mandibular sockets after 6 months of healing.Conclusions: Socket dimensions of molars with advanced periodontal disease showed a significant increase at the middle-central portion, although there were no significant changes of horizontal width 6 months following the procedures. K E Y W O R D Sbone, cone beam computed tomography, flapless, resorption, socket healing | 325 ZHAO et Al. al., 2003;Sanz et al., 2010; Tomasi et al., 2010). Schropp, Wenzel, Kostopoulos, andKarring (2003) investigated contour changes of the alveolar processes of posterior extraction sites by measuring stone casts and discovered a reduction in width of the residual alveolar ridge of up to 50% (5.0-7.0 mm) during a 12-month healing period, of which two-thirds of the reduction occurred within the first 3 months of healing. Systematic reviews of mixed anterior and posterior extraction socket changes indicated an approximate 3.8 mm horizontal

Using Cone-Beam Computed Tomography to Assess Changes in Alveolar Bone Width around Dental Implants at Native and Reconstructed Bone Sites: A Retrospective Cohort Study

“…Because the length distribution of the implants in this study ranged from 8 to 12 mm, measurements were taken at 1, 4, and 7 mm below the bone crest. The horizontal widths of alveolar bone around the implants at the above levels (subcrestal width 1 mm (CW1), subcrestal width 4 mm (CW4), and subcrestal width 7 mm (CW7)) were measured [ 26 , 27 , 28 ] ( Figure 2 ).…”

Orthodontic Management of Residual Spaces of Missing Molars: Decision Factors

“…It was reported that post-extraction migration occurred in the following ways: over eruption of opposing teeth, horizontal migration of neighboring teeth, space reduced by tipping, dual drift (horizontal and vertical), or complete space closure [6]. In addition to this, authors investigated contour changes of the alveolar processes of posterior extraction sites and demonstrated a reduction in width of the residual alveolar ridge of up to 50% during a 12-month healing period, of which two-thirds of the reduction occurred within the first 3 months of healing in [17]. In case of an extraction on one arch, the opposing tooth can significantly over erupt (Figures 4 and 5).…”

Three-Dimensional Cell Printed Lock-Key Structure for Oral Soft and Hard Tissue Regeneration

“…A lveolar process is the supporting tissue of the teeth, which is composed of the gingiva and underlying alveolar bone. In general, 6 months after tooth extraction, a 29-63% and 11-22% bone resorption in the width and height were expected, [1][2][3] which make it difficult for implant placement especially in the esthetic zone. Even though various alveolar ridge preservation techniques were proposed to overcome this problem with different outcomes, there is a demand to enhance covering soft tissue healing and bone regeneration.…”