Changes in amount and intracellular distribution of androgen receptor in human foreskin as a function of age.

Roehrborn, C.; Lange, J. L.; George, Fredrick W.; Wilson, Jean D.

doi:10.1172/jci112805

Cited by 72 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Gynaecomastia in the adult male is a sensitive indicator of disturbed androgen/oestrogen ratios or of impaired androgen action mediated by AR (Wilson et al 1980). The concentration of AR begins to decrease in the normal male between the ages of 20-30 years, as shown strikingly in human foreskin fibroblasts (Roehrborn et al 1987). One hypothesis suggested by our findings is that adult onset androgen insensitivity observed in SBMA results from reduced AR mRNA and protein production compounded by normal AR attrition and the normal age-dependent decline in androgen levels (Zumoff et al 1982, Nahoul & Roger 1990.…”

Section: Reduced Ar Expression Accounts For Androgen Insensitivity Insupporting

confidence: 70%

Trinucleotide repeats in the human androgen receptor: a molecular basis for disease

Choong¹,

Wilson²

1998

Journal of Molecular Endocrinology

123

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Section: Reduced Ar Expression Accounts For Androgen Insensitivity Insupporting

confidence: 70%

Trinucleotide repeats in the human androgen receptor: a molecular basis for disease

Choong¹,

Wilson²

1998

Journal of Molecular Endocrinology

123

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“…Bélanger et al have already suggested that the observed decline in androgen levels could be partially compensated by an increase in steroidconverting enzymes in peripheral tissues, especially the 5a-reductase activity resulting in tissue dihydrotestosterone levels unaffected by aging (14). On the other hand, there is also evidence of decreased androgen tissue concentrations (1) and of reduced androgen sensitivity, with reports of decreased numbers of AR in various tissues in elderly men (37,38). However, up to now no practical and clinically useful biological marker of androgen activity at tissue level is available.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The decline of serum testosterone levels in community-dwelling men over 70 years of age: descriptive data and predictors of longitudinal changes

Lapauw¹,

Goemaere²,

Zmierczak³

et al. 2008

European Journal of Endocrinology

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Objective: This study was designed to assess longitudinal changes in serum testosterone levels, explore relationships with aging, genetic-, health-, and lifestyle-related factors, and investigate predictors of changes in healthy elderly men. Design: Population-based, longitudinal, 4-year observational study in 221 community-dwelling men aged 71-86 years at baseline. Methods: Hormone levels assessed by immunoassay, anthropometry, questionnaires on general health, and genetic polymorphisms. Predictors of changes in testosterone levels explored using linear mixedeffects modeling for longitudinal analyses. Results: Total testosterone (TT), free testosterone, and bioavailable testosterone (BioT) levels decreased with aging, decreases in BioT being most marked. No changes in sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) or estradiol (E 2 ), while LH and FSH levels increased during follow-up. Subjects who gained weight displayed a greater decline in TT levels, mainly due to decreasing SHBG levels. However, baseline body composition was not predictive of subsequent changes in testosterone levels. Baseline E 2 (PZ0.023 to 0.004), LH (PZ0.046 to 0.005), and FSH (P!0.002) levels were independently positively associated with a faster decline in testosterone fractions, although only FSH remained significant when adjusting for baseline testosterone (PZ0.041-0.035). Carriers of a 'TA' haplotype of the estrogen receptor a gene (ERa) PvuII and XbaI polymorphisms displayed a slower decline of TT and BioT (PZ0.041-0.007). Conclusions: In elderly men with already low serum testosterone levels, a further decline was observed, independent of baseline age. The identification of FSH levels as a predictor of this decline appears to reflect the testicular mechanisms of aging-related changes in testosterone production, whereas associations with E 2 and ERa polymorphisms are suggestive of estrogen-related processes, possibly related to changes in the neuroendocrine regulation of testosterone production.

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“…Em humanos, o número de receptores androgênicos do pênis normal aumenta na puberdade e diminui na idade adulta, variação essa também apresentada pela enzima 5-alfa-redutase (14). Estudos em ratos sugerem que a exposição precoce à testosterona (15) ou à di-hidro-testosterona (16) acelera a perda de receptores androgênicos, comprometendo o crescimento do pênis.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Pênis de comprimento reduzido em idade pré-puberal: avaliação inicial e seguimento

Schuch

Weidlich

Oliveira

2000

Arq Bras Endocrinol Metab

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There is scarcely available data about the evaluation and evolution of patients with morphologically normal penis, but with reduced length according to the age. In this study, 8 boys were evaluated, with prepubertal development, presenting penis length one or two standarddeviation bellow average and with no evidence of endocrine pathology. In 6 cases the patients were observed for 1 year and 2 months to 8 years and 7 months. Two of them were submitted to testosterone treatment. In the last evaluation, all patients presented pubertal development, three of them with normal penis length for the age, and three of them presenting penis length one standard deviation bellow the average. The benign clinical evolution observed favors the adoption of expectant behavior in some of these cases, while testosterone treatment should be applied only in special ones. cocemente na gestação, resultando num comprimento médio no recém-nascido de 3,5cm; do nascimento até os dois anos, quando ocorre um acréscimo de l,5cm; dos dois aos 11 anos, novo acréscimo de l,5cm; e na puberdade, quando atinge o tamanho adulto (1). O mecanismo de cessação do crescimento não está claro (2).O diagnóstico diferencial de um pênis pequeno na infância, morfologicamente normal, inclui o pênis oculto, o micropênis e um pênis de comprimento reduzido para a idade. Pênis oculto ou escondido é o inserido num excesso de gordura suprapúbica (3). Micropênis é aquele que apresenta um comprimento 2,5 desvios-padrão abaixo da média para a idade (4).

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Changes in amount and intracellular distribution of androgen receptor in human foreskin as a function of age.

Cited by 72 publications

References 18 publications

Trinucleotide repeats in the human androgen receptor: a molecular basis for disease

Trinucleotide repeats in the human androgen receptor: a molecular basis for disease

The decline of serum testosterone levels in community-dwelling men over 70 years of age: descriptive data and predictors of longitudinal changes

Pênis de comprimento reduzido em idade pré-puberal: avaliação inicial e seguimento

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