Changes in Antibiotic Resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa Clinical Isolates in a Multi-Profile Hospital in Years 2017–2022 in Wroclaw, Poland

Abstract

In recent years, we have witnessed increasing drug resistance among bacteria, which is associated with the use and availability of an increasing number of broad-spectrum antimicrobials, as well as with their irrational and excessive use. The present study aims to analyze changes in the drug resistance of Gram-negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii, isolated from infections in a multi-profile hospital over a five-year period (from 2017 to 2022). Among the practical results of the evaluation of these data will be the possibility to determine changes in susceptibility to the antibiotics used in the hospital. This, in turn, will help propose new therapeutic options, especially for empirical therapy, which is essential in severe infections. Analysis of the use of different antibiotic groups has made it possible to identify the causes of increasing resistance in the analyzed Gram-negative bacilli. The highest antibiotic use was observed in the hospital between 2020 and 2022, most probably due to the COVID-19 pandemic and the higher number of patients in severe condition requiring hospitalization. Unfortunately, during the period analyzed, the number of multi-resistant strains of A. baumannii was successively increasing; this seems to be related to the increased use, especially during the pandemic period, of broad-spectrum antibiotics, mainly penicillins with inhibitors, third-generation cephalosporins and carbapenems.

Hyaluron-Based Bionanocomposites of Silver Nanoparticles with Graphene Oxide as Effective Growth Inhibitors of Wound-Derived Bacteria

“…This is because one of its species, A. baumanii, is among the ESKAPE group of pathogens that are of particular concern [35]; Acinetobacter spp. has been characterized as having had the greatest increase in antimicrobial resistance in recent years, and the number of strains isolated from bloodstream infections has also increased dramatically [36]. Similar concerns relate to the frequency of multidrug resistance reported in the context of this genus [36] and difficulty in terms of eradication due to the ability of bacteria from this genus to survive under harsh conditions [36].…”

Stability study in selected conditions and biofilm-reducing activity of phages active against drug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii

“…), which includes the most dangerous pathogenic bacteria because of their resistance to antibiotics 1 . Research shows that the use of antibiotics in Wroclaw hospitals in the years 2020–2022 increased significantly, which translated to an increase in the resistance of A. baumannii strains 2 , among others. Those strains that are widely resistant to commonly used antibiotics particularly pose a threat both to human health and life worldwide.…”