Changes in Antioxidative Enzyme Activity, Glycogen, Lipid, Protein, and Malondialdehyde Content in Cadmium-Treated <i>Galleria mellonella</i> Larvae

Emre, İskender; Kayış, Tamer; Coşkun, Mustafa; Dursun, Osman; Çoğun, Hikmet Yeter

doi:10.1603/an12137

Cited by 55 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…The increasing activity of CAT is related with an adaptive response to remove hydrogen peroxide (Dorval et al., ). It has also been reported that insects have higher level of CAT activity than mammals (Ahmad and Pardini, ) and CAT activity may be inhibited when low level of hydrogen peroxide is present (Krishnan and Kodrik, ; Emre et al., ). Similar results were found in some lepidopteran insects upon exposure of various pesticides or allelochemicals (Krishnan and Kodrik, ; Aslantürk et al., ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Moreover, these toxicological influences may induce the defense mechanisms to compensate for physiological problems during stress conditions. It is well known that antioxidants are among the major components of the immune system in the detoxification of harmful xenobiotics and endobiotics such as herbicides, insecticides, chemical carcinogens, and other organic and inorganic environmental pollutants (Büyükgüzel et al., ; Aslantürk et al., ; Emre et al., ), and they play crucial role in the inactivation of activated oxygen metabolites. Antioxidant system is divided into two groups as enzymatic (superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione‐ S ‐transferase (GST), and peroxidases) and nonenzymatic (phenol‐containing compounds, vitamin E, vitamin C, and high and low molecular thiol) components in animals including insects (Felton and Summers, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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INSECTICIDAL AND OXIDATIVE EFFECTS OF AZADIRACHTIN ON THE MODEL ORGANISM Galleria mellonella L. (LEPIDOPTERA: PYRALIDAE)

Dere

Altuntaş

Nurullahoğlu

2015

Arch Insect Biochem Physiol

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The insecticidal effects, specifically, changes in hemolymph total protein and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, and antioxidant enzyme activities of azadirachtin (AZA) given to the wax moth, Galleria mellonella L. (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) larvae via force feeding were investigated. Bioassays showed that the LD50 and LD99 (lethal dose) values of AZA were 2.1 and 4.6 μg/larva, respectively. Experimental analyses were performed with five doses of AZA (0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, and 3 μg/larva). Total protein level in larval hemolymph increased at all AZA doses at 24 h whereas a considerable decrease was observed at 2 and 3 μg/larva doses, and only an increase displayed at 1.5 μg/larva at 72 h. The level of MDA increased at 2 and 3 μg/larva doses at 24 h compared with controls. This trend was also observed at 1.5, 2, and 3 μg/larva doses at 72 h and MDA levels were lower when compared with those of 24 h at all doses except for 1.5 μg/larva dose. Catalase activity decreased at 1, 1.5, and 2 μg/larva doses at 24 h whereas increased at all doses except for 0.5 μg/larva at 72 h compared with controls. AZA led to a decline in superoxide dismutase activity at all experimental doses at 24 and 72 h except for 3 μg/larva doses at 72 h. An increase in glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activity was evident at all AZA doses at 24 h. AZA displayed 68% decline in GST activity at 72 h post treatments when compared to 24 h. Consequently, We infer that the toxicity of AZA extends beyond its known actions in molting processes to redox homeostasis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

INSECTICIDAL AND OXIDATIVE EFFECTS OF AZADIRACHTIN ON THE MODEL ORGANISM Galleria mellonella L. (LEPIDOPTERA: PYRALIDAE)

Dere

Altuntaş

Nurullahoğlu

2015

Arch Insect Biochem Physiol

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“…Zn and Cu connect to the cytosol metallothionein in the midgut of many organisms and, as such, are essential elements but at high concentrations they can be toxic [ 144 ]. Cd is highly toxic, even at a low concentration and can create mutations in the organism [ 145 ]. The effect of heavy metals on an index such as relative growth rate (RGR) is quite various.…”

Section: Influence Of Heavy Metals In the Response Of Plants To Bimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, it is known that elements such as Cd are highly toxic, even at a low concentration and have a broad impact on insects causing mutations [ 145 ]. Besides, there are some examples of [ 178 , 179 ] harmful effects of this metal on insects.…”

Section: Effects Of Heavy Metals On Insects Including Aphidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Heavy Metals in Plant Response to Biotic Stress

et al. 2018

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The present review discusses the impact of heavy metals on the growth of plants at different concentrations, paying particular attention to the hormesis effect. Within the past decade, study of the hormesis phenomenon has generated considerable interest because it was considered not only in the framework of plant growth stimulation but also as an adaptive response of plants to a low level of stress which in turn can play an important role in their responses to other stress factors. In this review, we focused on the defence mechanisms of plants as a response to different metal ion doses and during the crosstalk between metal ions and biotic stressors such as insects and pathogenic fungi. Issues relating to metal ion acquisition and ion homeostasis that may be essential for the survival of plants, pathogens and herbivores competing in the same environment were highlighted. Besides, the influence of heavy metals on insects, especially aphids and pathogenic fungi, was shown. Our intention was also to shed light on the relationship between heavy metals deposition in the environment and ecological communities formed under a strong selective pressure.

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“…7 For example, the effects of environmental factors on feeding intake can take on indicators of nutritional influence. 8 The effect of heavy metals on an index such as RGR is quite various.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Cadmium and Lead Exposure on Tissue Specific Antioxidant Response in Spodoptera litura

Suganya

Karthi

Shivakumar

2016

FRA

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Introduction: Oxidative stress in insects may result from an imbalance of oxidants and antioxidants under a significant impact of metals. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as superoxide, hydrogen peroxide, and hydroxyl radical, are generated from normal metabolic processes in all oxygen-utilizing organisms. In the present study was designed to the impact of heavy metal (Cadmium and Lead) toxicity and its free radical scavenging enzymes in Spodoptera litura larvae. Methods: Heavy metals were administered using artificial diet method having different concentrations. The metal toxicity was observed after 24 and 48 hrs post treatment. In antioxidant parameters were SOD, CAT, POX, GST, LPO, ACP and AKP were assessed. In additionally metal accumulation analysis using ICP-MS. Results: In particular, after exposure to diets containing environmentally relevant concentration (Cd 0.3 mg, Cd 0. 44 mg, Cd 0.50 mg or Pb 0.48 mg, Pb 4.8 mg, Pb 9.6 mg) at 48 hrs changes in the activity of antioxidant enzymes were measured in larvae. The results showed that compared with control, the based on concentration significantly increased of antioxidant enzymes activities. In ICP-MS analysis results shows based on the concentration Pb 9.6 mg, 325.61 ppm/mg -1 and Cd 0.44 mg, 36.5 ppm/mg -1 will be increased. Conclusion: In conclusion antioxidant systems of S. litura were altered by Cd and Pb exposure as determined by measuring in the enzymes activities. All of Cd and Pb result in strong oxidative stress and toxicity to S. litura larvae. Based on the results we suggest that metal toxicity and metal accumulation of insects influenced by Cadmium chloride and Lead nitrate in S. litura larvae.

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Changes in Antioxidative Enzyme Activity, Glycogen, Lipid, Protein, and Malondialdehyde Content in Cadmium-Treated Galleria mellonella Larvae

Cited by 55 publications

References 46 publications

INSECTICIDAL AND OXIDATIVE EFFECTS OF AZADIRACHTIN ON THE MODEL ORGANISM Galleria mellonella L. (LEPIDOPTERA: PYRALIDAE)

INSECTICIDAL AND OXIDATIVE EFFECTS OF AZADIRACHTIN ON THE MODEL ORGANISM Galleria mellonella L. (LEPIDOPTERA: PYRALIDAE)

The Role of Heavy Metals in Plant Response to Biotic Stress

Effect of Cadmium and Lead Exposure on Tissue Specific Antioxidant Response in Spodoptera litura

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