Changes in biochemical, histological and specific immune parameters in Catla catla (Ham.) by Cynodon dactylon (L.)

Effect of Silver Nanoparticles On Energy Metabolism In Selected Tissues Of Aeromonas Hydrophila Infected Indian Major Carp, Catla Catla

“…In consistent with our results earlier studies of Kaleeswaran et al (8) also suggested that A. hydrophila infection deteriorates structural architecture of spleen in Catla catla. The same author's also demonstrated that A. hydrophila intoxication alters biochemical variables including serum glucose levels in Catla catla which plays an important role in cellular respiration (8).…”

“…In C. catla, infestation of A. hydrophila adversely targets immune system of fishes (6,7). In addition, previously it has been reported that it negatively affects spleen, which play an important role fish immune responses (8,9). Earlier it has also been suggested that A. hydrophila accumulates in vital organs such as liver and kidney of freshwater fishes including C. catla (4).…”

“…It is well established that during toxicity studies, stressors including bacteria primarily target energy metabolism which is of prime concern in fish physiology. Previously, it has been reported that A. hydrophila infection alters the levels of glucose and lactate levels in Catla catla during a 28-day exposure period (8). It has been also been claimed that decrease in metabolic scope negatively affects growth, reproduction and immune response and eventually decreases the efficiency of fish growth (15).…”

Studies on combined effect of Aeromonas hydrophila and cadmium on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status in selected tissues of Indian freshwater major carp, Catla catla: role of silver nanoparticles

“…The AgNPs containing medium was changed at every 24 h. Fishes in groups 3, 4, 7 and 8 were intramuscularly injected just below the dorsal fin with A. hydrophila (1x10 9 CFU/50µl of 0.85% NaCl). The dose selection was based on histological alterations of selected tissues and also based on previous studies (7,8). Disinfection was performed before injections using 70% ethanol and sterile and disposable insulin syringes were used for injection purposes.…”

“…Indigenous fishes such as Catla catla is one of the commercially and highly cultivable species across India (4). Previously, it has been indicated that AH negatively affect spleen, liver, kidneys and gills and eventually interferes with immune system and physiological events in fishes including C. catla (5)(6)(7)(8). Thus, it is obvious that A. hydrophila adversely affects all vital organs and subsequently leads to death of fishes.…”