Changes in biological effectiveness with depth of the Medicyc neutron therapy beam

Recoil proton, alpha particle, and heavy ion impacts on microdosimetry and RBE of fast neutrons: analysis of kerma spectra calculated by Monte Carlo simulation

“…These doses were supposed to be clinically equivalent using weighting factors. Finally, the issue became more complicated when some authors pointed out that even at the same facility the RBE can vary with tissue depth or field size (Hall et al 1982;Slabbert et al 1989;Binns and Hough 1992;Courdi et al 1996). This phenomena primarily concerns high energy p+Be facilities and is partly removed by the use of polyethylene "hardening filters" (Hall et al 1982).…”

“…The magnitude of these latter variations strongly depends on the neutron source type. They are of major concern for high energy p+Be sources (Hall et al 1982;Slabbert et al 1989;Courdi et al 1996), but without clinical significance for D+Be sources (Hall et al 1982). Apart from indirect methods like radiobiological assays or microdosimetric spectra measurements, few methods allow the study of RBE variation mechanisms and the prediction of such variations.…”

Homologous recombination in Arabidopsis seeds along the track of energetic carbon ions

“…Many radiation therapy studies have investigated the depthdose biological response of various particles, focusing mainly on the cell killing effects on tumor cells or tissues [16][17][18][19]. The DNA damage and the micronuclei induction across the distribution of an iron particle's physical Bragg curve were reported recently [20,21].…”

Micronuclei induction in human lymphocytes induced by carbon ions exposion along the penetrate depth of ions in water

“…While many radiation therapy studies have investigated the depth-dose biological response of various charged particle beams, these studies have focused mainly on cell-killing effects on tumor cells or tissues [4][5][6][7]. Measurement of effect-depth distributions of non-lethal DNA damage in normal cells is important for determining late effects such as cancer induction.…”