Changes in Bitter Fennel Essential Oils Exposed to Foliar Spray with L-Phenylalanine

El-Sayed, Ahmed A.; El-Gohary, Ahmed E.; Khalid, Khalid A.; Ahmed, Aisha

doi:10.21608/ejbo.2021.101670.1811

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 41 publications

(50 reference statements)

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“…Several studies have shown that foliar spray with amino acids or biostimulants based on amino acids can increase yield and biologically active substances’ content as well their chemical composition in Satureja hortensis L., Calendula officinalis L., Mentha piperita var. citrata., Urtica pilulifera L., Ocimum basilicum L., Nigella sativa L., Achillea millefolium L., Coriandrum sativum L., and Foeniculum vulgare Mill plants [ 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 ]. According to Pratelli and Pilot [ 25 ], amino acids play significant roles in catalyzing the reactions of the secondary metabolism in plants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Foliar Application of Amino Acids on Essential Oil Content, Odor Profile, and Flavonoid Content of Different Mint Varieties in Field Conditions

Velička

Tarasevičienė

Hallmann

et al. 2022

Plants

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Mint is an industrial plant that is a good source of essential oil and many phenolic compounds that have several positive benefits to human health and can be used to prevent the development of many diseases. The aim of this research was to investigate the possibility of increasing essential oil and flavonoid content, changing the chemical composition of these compounds in different mint cultivars under foliar application with precursors (phenylalanine, tryptophan, and tyrosine) at two concentrations, 100 and 200 mg L−1, to enable the possibilities for wider use of these plants when they are grown in field conditions. Spraying with phenylalanine at 100 mg L−1 concentration increased essential oil content in Mentha piperita ‘Granada’ plants by 0.53 percentage units. Foliar application with tyrosine solutions at 100 mg L−1 concentration most effectively influenced the essential oil odor profile Mentha spicata ‘Crispa’. The highest number of total flavonoids was in Mentha piperita ‘Swiss’ sprayed with tyrosine at 100 mg L−1 concentration. The flavonoid content depended on the mint cultivar, amino acids, and their concentration. The results showed that the effect of amino acid solutions on different secondary metabolites’ quantitative and qualitative composition differed depending on the mint cultivar; therefore, amino acids and their concentrations must be selected based on the cultivar they are targeting.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Foliar Application of Amino Acids on Essential Oil Content, Odor Profile, and Flavonoid Content of Different Mint Varieties in Field Conditions

Velička

Tarasevičienė

Hallmann

et al. 2022

Plants

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“…This might be attributed to the N effect on the synthesis of phenylalanine, nucleic acids, and O-methyltransferase, which are involved in the biosynthesis of volatile phenylpropanoids, mainly estragole [6,87]. Furthermore, foliar spraying with L-phenylalanine increased the estragole content in bitter fennel EO [18]. These reports may support our results that an increase in the rate of chemical fertilizer (NPK150) resulted in an increase in the N content of fennel, by an increase in the estragole percentage.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Reducing the proportion of estragole in the EO is important as fennel cannot be free of it due to the biosynthetic association with anethole formation [6]. Recent reports indicated that the level of estragole in the volatile oil might change in response to treatment with nutrients of different origins [3,9,11,18,19]. However, minimal studies compared the components of the EO produced from organically, biologically, or chemically fertilized fennel.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Organic and Bio-Fertilization on Fruit Yield, Bioactive Constituents, and Estragole Content in Fennel Fruits

et al. 2023

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Fennel fruits (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) represent one of the plant-based natural spices. This study aims to improve the fruit yield and essential oil (EO) quality by reducing the undesirable component, estragole, under different fertilizer treatments. The fertilizers included chemical nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium (NPK), and also the organic additive, rabbit manure (RM). For bio-fertilization, plants were inoculated with a mixture of N-fixing bacteria, and P- and K-solubilizing bacteria with/without vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. The results showed that fruit and EO yield parameters, total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and DPPH scavenging activity of fruit extracts were enhanced by fertilizer treatments in both growing seasons. NPK at 150% of the recommended dose (NPK150) and RM at 60 m3/fed (RM60) recorded the highest values of plant height, umbel number/plant, 100-fruit weight, fruit yield, chlorophyll, carbohydrates, N and P content, EO content, and yield. TPC and TFC were enhanced by using biological fertilizers. DPPH scavenging activity was higher in organically and biologically fertilized fennel. The GC-MS analyses of EO revealed higher contents of the desirable trans-anethole in the organically and chemically fertilized fennel. However, the highest proportion of estragole, the undesirable compound, was recorded for NPK150 and unfertilized plants. On the contrary, increases in the EO content and yield of fennel fruits were achieved by RM along with a reduction in estragole, enhancement in trans-anethole, and increments in other favorable compounds such as fenchone and limonene. In addition, the inhibition of estragole formation was recorded with bio-fertilizers, which also increased the trans-anethole content. Furthermore, the trans-anethole/estragole ratio was significantly higher with the application of organic and bio-fertilization. Hence, organic and bio-fertilizer resources can produce high-quality fennel fruit and EO. The reduction in the use of chemical fertilizers can help to reduce environmental pollution.

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“…They are vital in metabolite synthesis, growth, and development, and appropriate in plants because of their structure as protein units [ 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 ]. The positive effects of the foliar application of amino acids and biostimulants based on amino acids on both the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of Foeniculum vulgare Mill, Coriandrum sativum L., Achillea millefolium L., Nigella sativa L., Ocimum basilicum L., Urtica pilulifera L., Mentha piperita , Calendula officinalis L., and Satureja hortensis L. plants have been reported [ 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amino Acids Biostimulants and Protein Hydrolysates in Agricultural Sciences

Sun,

Shahrajabian,

Kuang

et al. 2024

Plants

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The effects of different types of biostimulants on crops include improving the visual quality of the final products, stimulating the immune systems of plants, inducing the biosynthesis of plant defensive biomolecules, removing heavy metals from contaminated soil, improving crop performance, reducing leaching, improving root development and seed germination, inducing tolerance to abiotic and biotic stressors, promoting crop establishment and increasing nutrient-use efficiency. Protein hydrolysates are mixtures of polypeptides and free amino acids resulting from enzymatic and chemical hydrolysis of agro-industrial protein by-products obtained from animal or plant origins, and they are able to alleviate environmental stress effects, improve growth, and promote crop productivity. Amino acids involve various advantages such as increased yield and yield components, increased nutrient assimilation and stress tolerance, and improved yield components and quality characteristics. They are generally achieved through chemical or enzymatic protein hydrolysis, with significant capabilities to influence the synthesis and activity of some enzymes, gene expression, and redox-homeostasis. Increased yield, yield components, and crop quality; improved and regulated oxidation-reduction process, photosynthesis, and physiological activities; decreased negative effects of toxic components; and improved anti-fungal activities of plants are just some of the more important benefits of the application of phenols and phenolic biostimulants. The aim of this manuscript is to survey the impacts of amino acids, different types of protein hydrolysates, phenols, and phenolic biostimulants on different plants by presenting case studies and successful paradigms in several horticultural and agricultural crops.

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Changes in Bitter Fennel Essential Oils Exposed to Foliar Spray with L-Phenylalanine

Cited by 5 publications

References 41 publications

Impact of Foliar Application of Amino Acids on Essential Oil Content, Odor Profile, and Flavonoid Content of Different Mint Varieties in Field Conditions

Impact of Foliar Application of Amino Acids on Essential Oil Content, Odor Profile, and Flavonoid Content of Different Mint Varieties in Field Conditions

Effect of Organic and Bio-Fertilization on Fruit Yield, Bioactive Constituents, and Estragole Content in Fennel Fruits

Amino Acids Biostimulants and Protein Hydrolysates in Agricultural Sciences

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