Changes in Caprine Milk Oligosaccharides at Different Lactation Stages Analyzed by High Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled to Mass Spectrometry

Martín-Ortiz, Andrea; Barile, Daniela; salcedo, Jaime Salcedo; Moreno, F. Javier; Clemente, Alfonso; Ruiz‐Matute, Ana I.; Sanz, M. Luz

doi:10.1021/acs.jafc.6b05104

Cited by 34 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“… 25 − 30 The oligosaccharide composition of goat milk (gMOS) has been studied 24 , 27 − 29 , 31 − 35 and compared to other domesticated animals. 24 , 29 A few studies have reported variations of oligosaccharides at the goat breed level, 25 , 26 over time during lactation, 25 , 28 , 36 in parity, 26 or at the individual goat level. 37 Such information is considered interesting, because gMOS are more abundant than bMOS and contain certain structures that are in common with hMOS ( Schemes 1 and 2 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Goat Milk Oligosaccharides: Their Diversity, Quantity, and Functional Properties in Comparison to Human Milk Oligosaccharides

Leeuwen

Poele²,

Chatziioannou³

et al. 2020

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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Human milk is considered the golden standard in infant nutrition. Free oligosaccharides in human milk provide important health benefits. These oligosaccharides function as prebiotics, immune modulators, and pathogen inhibitors and were found to improve barrier function in the gut. Infant formulas nowadays often contain prebiotics but lack the specific functions of human milk oligosaccharides (hMOS). Milk from domesticated animals also contains milk oligosaccharides but at much lower levels and with less diversity. Goat milk contains significantly more oligosaccharides (gMOS) than bovine (bMOS) or sheep (sMOS) milk and also has a larger diversity of structures. This review summarizes structural studies, revealing a diversity of up to 77 annotated gMOS structures with almost 40 structures fully characterized. Quantitative studies of goat milk oligosaccharides range from 60 to 350 mg/L in mature milk and from 200 to 650 mg/L in colostrum. These levels are clearly lower than in human milk (5–20 g/L) but higher than in other domesticated dairy animals, e.g., bovine (30–60 mg/L) and sheep (20–40 mg/L). Finally, the review focuses on demonstrated and potential functionalities of gMOS. Some studies have shown anti-inflammatory effects of mixtures enriched in gMOS. Goat MOS also display prebiotic potential, particularly in stimulating growth of bifidobacteria preferentially. Although functional studies of gMOS are still limited, several structures are also found in human milk and have known functions as immune modulators and pathogen inhibitors. In conclusion, goat milk constitutes a promising alternative source for milk oligosaccharides, which can be used in infant formula.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Goat Milk Oligosaccharides: Their Diversity, Quantity, and Functional Properties in Comparison to Human Milk Oligosaccharides

Leeuwen

Poele²,

Chatziioannou³

et al. 2020

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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“…The major glycosylated components in human milk include oligosaccharides (HMOs), glycoproteins, and glycolipids (12). Recent advances in mass spectrometry (MS)-based tools have provided a view of the HMOs’ structures that could be decorated with either fucose and/or sialic acid moieties (13, 14). The fucosylated HMOs were found to function as prebiotics for infant-favorable Bifidobacterium strains and vary significantly between mothers of different secretory statuses, which is determined by single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the maternal fucosyltransferase 2 ( Fut2 ) gene (15).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Core Fucosylation of Maternal Milk N-Glycan Evokes B Cell Activation by Selectively Promoting thel-Fucose Metabolism of GutBifidobacteriumspp. andLactobacillusspp

Bai

Zhou

et al. 2019

mBio

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The maternal milk glycobiome is crucial for shaping the gut microbiota of infants. Although high core fucosylation catalyzed by fucosyltransferase 8 (Fut8) is a general feature of human milk glycoproteins, its role in the formation of a healthy microbiota has not been evaluated. In this study, we found that the core-fucosylated N-glycans in milk of Chinese mothers selectively promoted the colonization of specific gut microbial groups, such as Bifidobacterium spp. and Lactobacillus spp. in their breast-fed infants during lactation. Compared with Fut8+/+ (WT) mouse-fed neonates, the offspring fed by Fut8+/− maternal mice had a distinct gut microbial profile, which was featured by a significant reduction of Lactobacillus spp., Bacteroides spp., and Bifidobacterium spp. and increased abundance of members of the Lachnospiraceae NK4A136 group and Akkermansia spp. Moreover, these offspring mice showed a lower proportion of splenic CD19+ CD69+ B lymphocytes and attenuated humoral immune responses upon ovalbumin (OVA) immunization. In vitro studies demonstrated that the chemically synthesized core-fucosylated oligosaccharides possessed the ability to promote the growth of tested Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus strains in minimal medium. The resulting L-fucose metabolites, lactate and 1,2-propanediol, could promote the activation of B cells via the B cell receptor (BCR)-mediated signaling pathway. IMPORTANCE This study provides novel evidence for the critical role of maternal milk protein glycosylation in shaping early-life gut microbiota and promoting B cell activation of neonates. The special core-fucosylated oligosaccharides might be promising prebiotics for the personalized nutrition of infants.

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“…The fat content was determined by ether extraction (AOAC 2000). Lactose content was quantified by ion chromatography (ICS‐3000, Dionex Limited., California) as described by Martin‐Ortiz et al () in order to remove residual protein and fat. Mineral was measured according to Jørgensen et al () using coupled plasma mass spectrophotometer (7700X, Agilent Technologies Inc., California).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Separation of serum proteins and micellar casein from skim goat milk by pilot‐scale 0.05‐μm pore‐sized ceramic membrane at 50°C

Yang

Zhang

Pang

et al. 2019

J Food Process Engineering

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The fractionation of serum protein (SP) and micellar casein (CN) from skim milk can be accomplished using microfiltration (MF). The objective of this study was to determine the removal of total SP using a 0.05-μm ceramic membrane at each stage of production, as well as the composition of retentates and permeates for a three-stage, 3×, discontinuous bleed-and-feed process. The average flux of ceramic membrane obtained from our results was 96.25 kg/m 2 per hour. The cumulative removal rate of actual SP is 96.2% at Stages 1, 2, and 3 (58.1%, 25.0%, and 13.0%, respectively), closely related to the theoretical value of 96%. In addition, the rate of removal of lactose, ash, calcium, and phosphorus were 86.44%, 82.68%, 34.9%, and 55.0%, respectively. The water flux of the membrane reduced by 55.57% after MF, while membrane flux recovered to 99.21% after cleaning with 2% (w/v) sodium hydroxide and 1% (v/v) nitric acid solution. Moreover, permeates and retentates were concentrated by vacuum and spray drier in order to obtain serum and micelle CN powder having protein contents of 10.19% and 75.57%, respectively. Practical applicationsThis article proposes high-efficiency fractionation of macromolecules and small molecules by membrane technology using skim milk as raw material. Permeate was used to produce high-quality SP products, which was essentially sterile and fat-free, and had better solubility, foaming, and gelation than cheese whey protein. And retentates can be directly used for micelle CN powder or cheese production. The composition of the cheese produced was similar to that of traditional cheese. It improves the quality of the products and reduces environmental pollution. In addition, the study also provided a theoretical and applied basis for the membrane separation process of goat milk and the research and development of functional goat milk-based ingredient.

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Changes in Caprine Milk Oligosaccharides at Different Lactation Stages Analyzed by High Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled to Mass Spectrometry

Cited by 34 publications

References 42 publications

Goat Milk Oligosaccharides: Their Diversity, Quantity, and Functional Properties in Comparison to Human Milk Oligosaccharides

Goat Milk Oligosaccharides: Their Diversity, Quantity, and Functional Properties in Comparison to Human Milk Oligosaccharides

Core Fucosylation of Maternal Milk N-Glycan Evokes B Cell Activation by Selectively Promoting thel-Fucose Metabolism of GutBifidobacteriumspp. andLactobacillusspp

Separation of serum proteins and micellar casein from skim goat milk by pilot‐scale 0.05‐μm pore‐sized ceramic membrane at 50°C

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