Changes in Cardiac Biomarkers During Doxorubicin Treatment of Pediatric Patients With High-Risk Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: Associations With Long-Term Echocardiographic Outcomes

Abstract

A B S T R A C T PurposeDoxorubicin causes cardiac injury and cardiomyopathy in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Measuring biomarkers during therapy might help individualize treatment by immediately identifying cardiac injury and cardiomyopathy. Patients and MethodsChildren with high-risk ALL were randomly assigned to receive doxorubicin alone (n ϭ 100; 75 analyzed) or doxorubicin with dexrazoxane (n ϭ 105; 81 analyzed). Echocardiograms and serial serum measurements of cardiac troponin T (cTnT; cardiac injury biomarker), N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP; cardiomyopathy biomarker), and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP; inflammatory biomarker) were obtained before, during, and after treatment. ResultscTnT levels were increased in 12% of children in the doxorubicin group and in 13% of the doxorubicin-dexrazoxane group before treatment but in 47% and 13%, respectively, after treatment (P ϭ .005). NT-proBNP levels were increased in 89% of children in the doxorubicin group and in 92% of children in the doxorubicin-dexrazoxane group before treatment but in only 48% and 20%, respectively, after treatment (P ϭ .07). The percentage of children with increased hsCRP levels did not differ between groups at any time. In the first 90 days of treatment, detectable increases in cTnT were associated with abnormally reduced left ventricular (LV) mass and LV end-diastolic posterior wall thickness 4 years later (P Ͻ .01); increases in NT-proBNP were related to an abnormal LV thickness-to-dimension ratio, suggesting LV remodeling, 4 years later (P ϭ .01). Increases in hsCRP were not associated with any echocardiographic variables. ConclusioncTnT and NT-proBNP may hold promise as biomarkers of cardiotoxicity in children with high-risk ALL. Definitive validation studies are required to fully establish their range of clinical utility.

Quantitative proteomic study identified cathepsin B associated with doxorubicin-induced damage in H9c2 cardiomyocytes

“…In the current study, we quantitatively compared the global proteomic profiling of rat cardiomyocyte H9c2 cells with and without doxorubicin addition at a clinical relevant concentration, which exhibited an apoptosis-inducing effect, but not significant cellular damage in H9c2 cells (6,8). Our proteomic analysis revealed a series of proteins varied in cardiomyocytes after doxorubicin treatment for 48 h, in which 10 differentially regulated proteins were enriched in the biological process of apoptosis, which have been…”

Determination of early tumoricidal drug-induced cardiotoxicity with biological markers

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Anthracycline-induced cardiomyopathy: The search continues

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