Changes in Communication between Muscle Stem Cells and their Environment with Aging

Thorley, Matthew; Malatras, Apostolos; Duddy, William; Gall, Laura Le; Mouly, Vincent; Browne, Gillian Butler; Duguez, Stéphanie

doi:10.3233/jnd-150097

Cited by 22 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 139 publications

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“…3). We have found data about altered genomic instability [130], telomere attrition [89, 131], epigenetic alterations [132], loss of proteostasis and deregulated nutrients [88], mitochondrial dysfunction [133, 134], cellular senescence and stem cell exhaustion [85] and altered cell communication [135]. Along this line, different studies using heterochronic parabiosis experiments elegantly demonstrated that environmental factors influence stem cell functions [136]; exposure of stem cells to systemic factors from young mice increased their proliferative capacity.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unhealthy Stem Cells: When Health Conditions Upset Stem Cell Properties

Pérez

Lucas

Gálvez

2018

Cell Physiol Biochem

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The stem cell field has grown very rapidly during the last decade, offering the promise of innovative therapies to treat disease. Different stem cell populations have been isolated from various human adult tissues, mainly from bone marrow and adipose tissue, but many other body tissues harbor a stem cell population. Adult tissue stem cells are invariably found in discrete microenvironments termed niches, where they play key roles in tissue homeostasis by enabling lifelong optimization of organ form and function. Some diseases are known to strike at the stem cell population, through alterations in their specific microenvironments, making them non-viable. Furthermore, it has been shown that a transformed stem cell population could prompt the development of certain cancers. This review focuses on the potential negative aspects of a range of diseases on the activity of stem cells and how their potential use in cell therapies may be affected.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unhealthy Stem Cells: When Health Conditions Upset Stem Cell Properties

Pérez

Lucas

Gálvez

2018

Cell Physiol Biochem

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“…Cells with highest expression of NUMB , an antagonist of NOTCH signaling, go back in quiescence for later self-renewal ( 206 ). Daughter cells in which p38α/β MAPK is asymmetrically activated by a so-called PAR complex, undergo commitment to myogenic differentiation ( 207 ), expand in number and form binuclear myotubes or fuse to existing fibers ( 168 , 199 , 203 , 208 ).…”

Section: How Healthy and Dm Muscles Are Built And Maintainedmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During normal healthy life, this whole cascade of steps for the regulation of muscle differentiation and maintenance is orchestrated by a multitude of circulating hormones, such as IGFs, FGFs, TGFs, testosterone, thyroid hormones, cytokines, and exosome-secreted signals, which are secreted locally and appear in the muscle stem cell niches. Whether and how hormonal signaling controls viability, performance and half-life of multinucleated myofibers—i.e., the bulk of muscle mass in a healthy individual—is still poorly understood, as attention of study thus far has been mainly directed toward MuSCs ( 208 ).…”

Section: How Healthy and Dm Muscles Are Built And Maintainedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Abnormalities in Skeletal Muscle Myogenesis, Growth, and Regeneration in Myotonic Dystrophy

et al. 2018

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Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) and 2 (DM2) are autosomal dominant degenerative neuromuscular disorders characterized by progressive skeletal muscle weakness, atrophy, and myotonia with progeroid features. Although both DM1 and DM2 are characterized by skeletal muscle dysfunction and also share other clinical features, the diseases differ in the muscle groups that are affected. In DM1, distal muscles are mainly affected, whereas in DM2 problems are mostly found in proximal muscles. In addition, manifestation in DM1 is generally more severe, with possible congenital or childhood-onset of disease and prominent CNS involvement. DM1 and DM2 are caused by expansion of (CTG•CAG)n and (CCTG•CAGG)n repeats in the 3′ non-coding region of DMPK and in intron 1 of CNBP, respectively, and in overlapping antisense genes. This critical review will focus on the pleiotropic problems that occur during development, growth, regeneration, and aging of skeletal muscle in patients who inherited these expansions. The current best-accepted idea is that most muscle symptoms can be explained by pathomechanistic effects of repeat expansion on RNA-mediated pathways. However, aberrations in DNA replication and transcription of the DM loci or in protein translation and proteome homeostasis could also affect the control of proliferation and differentiation of muscle progenitor cells or the maintenance and physiological integrity of muscle fibers during a patient’s lifetime. Here, we will discuss these molecular and cellular processes and summarize current knowledge about the role of embryonic and adult muscle-resident stem cells in growth, homeostasis, regeneration, and premature aging of healthy and diseased muscle tissue. Of particular interest is that also progenitor cells from extramuscular sources, such as pericytes and mesoangioblasts, can participate in myogenic differentiation. We will examine the potential of all these types of cells in the application of regenerative medicine for muscular dystrophies and evaluate new possibilities for their use in future therapy of DM.

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“…ageing) and pathological contexts (e.g. neuromuscular disorders, cachexia associated with cancer, etc) [44][45][46][47]. It may also provide new insights regarding the pathological mechanisms underlying such conditions and may help in the identification of novel biomarkers and novel therapeutic targets for diseases.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimized method for extraction of exosomes from human primary muscle cells

Gall

Ouandaogo

Anakor

et al. 2020

Preprint

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wordsSkeletal muscle is increasingly considered as an endocrine organ secreting myokines and extracellular vesicles (exosomes and microvesicles), which can effect physiological changes with impact in different pathological conditions, including regenerative processes, aging and myopathies. Primary human myoblasts are an essential tool to study the muscle vesicle secretome. Since their differentiation in conditioned media does not induce any signs of cell death or cell stress, artefactual effects from those processes are unlikely. However, adult human primary myoblasts senesce in long-term tissue culture, so a major technical challenge is posed by the need to avoid artefactual effects resulting from pre-senescent changes. Since these cells should be studied within a strictly controlled pre-senescent division count (<21 divisions), and yields of myoblasts per muscle biopsy are low, it is difficult or impossible to amplify sufficiently large cell numbers (some 250 x 10 6 myoblasts) to obtain sufficient conditioned medium for the standard ultracentrifugation approach to exosome isolation.Thus an optimized strategy to extract and study secretory muscle vesicles is needed. In this study, conditions are optimized for the in vitro cultivation of human myoblasts, and the quality and yield of exosomes extracted using an ultracentrifugation protocol are compared with a modified polymer-based precipitation strategy combined with extra washing steps. Both vesicle

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Changes in Communication between Muscle Stem Cells and their Environment with Aging

Cited by 22 publications

References 139 publications

Unhealthy Stem Cells: When Health Conditions Upset Stem Cell Properties

Unhealthy Stem Cells: When Health Conditions Upset Stem Cell Properties

Abnormalities in Skeletal Muscle Myogenesis, Growth, and Regeneration in Myotonic Dystrophy

Optimized method for extraction of exosomes from human primary muscle cells

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