Changes in copper content and distribution in young, old and abandoned vineyard acid soils due to land use changes

Abstract

We studied total Cu content and its distribution in 33 surface soil samples cultivated with vines for variable lengths of time in the Monterrei designation of origin (DO), located in Galicia (NW Spain). The study was focused on the influence of land use changes on soil degradation by effect of Cu accumulation and availability. Total copper concentration in soils ranged from 25 to 272 mg kg À1 . The time during which each soil was cultivated with vines was found to affect both the total concentration of copper and its distribution. The average concentration of copper in young vineyards was 64 mg kg À1, whereas those in old and abandoned vineyards were 100 and 132 mg kg À1 , respectively. Copper bound to organic matter and to amorphous inorganic colloids were greater in old and abandoned vineyards, where they accounted for 51 and 52 per cent, respectively, of total copper, than in young vineyards (39 per cent). Copper bound to crystalline Al and Fe colloids accounted for 21, 22 and 12 per cent of total Cu in old, abandoned and young vineyards respectively.The prevalence of Cu bound to the organic fraction reduces the adverse environmental effects of this metal on soil organisms and plants. However, some management practices such as organic matter addition or liming should be implemented in order to delay or avoid soil degradation in young vineyards. For abandoned vineyards, the influence of new land uses on potential Cu mobilisation necessitates careful examination.

Copper accumulation and fractionation in vineyard soils from temperate humid zone (NW Iberian Peninsula)

“…3). These exchangeable Cu values are similar to those obtained in other studies focused on Cu fractionation in vineyard soils, which reported absolute values usually below 10 mg kg −1 and a percentage of about 5% of Cu T (Parat et al, 2002;Arias et al, 2004;Fernández-Calviño et al, 2008d). Since Cu EX is considered the most mobile fraction in the soil, our results suggest that only a small amount of Cu could be mobilized to soil solution.…”

Copper fractionation and release from soils devoted to different crops

“…Vine is among the crops most strongly affected by the use of pesticides [6], which, however, also affect hops [7], avocado [8], coffee [9] and cocoa plants [10].…”

Modeling raindrop strike performance on copper wash-off from vine leaves

“…The velocity of each raindrop at the point of impact and the kinetic energy were calculated for raindrops falling from 1-and 2.5-m heights (Epema and Riezebos, 1983) and they are shown in Table 1. An equivalent diameter was also calculated for the same fall heights by P erez- Rodríguez et al (2013a).…”