Changes in crown leaching composition induced by a sudden increase in atmospheric deposition. A case study in South-Western Bulgaria

Ignatova, N.

doi:10.1007/bf00029350

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Dry deposition has been found to also be an important source of several solutes in other ecosystems (Ignatova 1995). Several investigators have proposed that dry fallout between storms dominates the chemical input in throughfall (Fenn and Bytnerowicz 1997;Fenn et al 2000).…”

Section: Constituent Concentrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gross precipitation and throughfall chemistry in legume species planted in Northeastern México

Návar¹,

González

González³

2008

Plant Soil

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Plant cover modifies throughfall chemistry, and the solute concentration is dependent on the plant species at any given site. The chemistry of gross rainfall and throughfall of four endemic species planted in northeastern Mexico was evaluated from March 1996 to March 1997. Chemical solutes measured included Ca, K, Mg, Na, Fe, Mn, Cu, and Zn. Dry deposition and canopy leaching fluxes were estimated following the canopy budget model. Variance analyses tested the statistical dependence of the total and net fluxes on the species and seasons. Regression analysis tested the dependence of chemical concentrations on rainfall depth and lag time between rains. A total of 52 rainfall events were recorded during the study period summing 523 mm. Significant differences were noted on the total and net fluxes between the plant species. For total flux, average throughfall (37.8 kg ha −1 year −1 ) almost doubled the flux of solutes compared to rainfall (24.1 kg ha −1 year −1 ). Pithecellobium ebano (Berland.) C.H. Mull. (43.3 kg ha −1 year −1 ), Acacia berlandieri Benth. (38.7 kg ha −1 year −1 ), and Pithecellobium pallens (Bent.) Standl. (38.4 kg ha −1year −1 ) recorded the highest total flux of solutes, and Acacia rigidula Benth. (30.9 kg ha −1 year −1 ) the smallest. Chemical solutes showed significant differences for total and net fluxes. Ca was the dominant cation with 48% and 52% of the total constituent flux for rainfall and throughfall, respectively. However, K, Mg and Cu approximately doubled in throughfall in contrast to gross rainfall. Species with the largest aboveground biomass had lower throughfall volumes (i.e., higher interception rates) but higher chemical solute inputs to the forest floor. Rainfall depth and lag time between rains explained part of the variation for most species, stressing the partial dependence of the washing effect and the amount of dry deposition on canopies. This research discusses the importance and the sources of incoming solutes on the studied plant species.

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Section: Constituent Concentrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gross precipitation and throughfall chemistry in legume species planted in Northeastern México

Návar¹,

González

González³

2008

Plant Soil

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“…Interpretation of the relative contributions of these different processes to the composition of net below canopy fluxes is still a matter of scientific debate (Ignatova, 1995). However, analysis of net below canopy fluxes provides a first approximation of the chemical transfer through different sectors of the vegetation, showing the ion input from dry deposition and internal crown leaching and ion loss through absorption by the canopy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Net below canopy fluxes in Canarian laurel forest canopies

Aboal

Jiménez

Morales

et al. 2002

Journal of Hydrology

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Bulk precipitation, stemflow and throughfall were collected in a Canarian laurel forest (North Tenerife), and chemically analysed to determine the net below canopy fluxes. Annual negative fluxes were found for H þ , NO 3 2 , SO 4 2 and Cl 2 and annual positive fluxes for Ca 2þ , Mg 2þ , K þ , Na þ , HCO 3 2 , PO 4 32 and DOC. Negative fluxes for most of these ions have been reported previously but this is the first time that they have all been measured at the same time in one forest.The relative importance of atmospheric deposition and canopy leaching to net below canopy fluxes was evaluated using two approaches previously employed in this type of study. The first approach consisted of calculating total inputs, taking inputs as bulk precipitation or bulk precipitation plus the additional input from scavenging dry deposition by vegetation surfaces, corrected by the maximum and minimum leaching rate. The values obtained for inputs were very similar, possibly due to the minimum effect on scavenging particles by the canopy. In the second approach, linear regressions were developed for net below canopy fluxes and the variables related to dry deposition (antecedent dry period) and leaching (event quantity and duration, etc.); this showed that NO 3 2 in net below canopy fluxes came from dry deposition, the rest of the elements from leaching, and SO 4 22 from both. Similar results were obtained using both approaches. It was found that a simple linear regression model with event quantity as the independent variable can readily substitute the Lovett and Lindberg (1984) [J. Appl. Ecol. 21 (1984) 1013] model. The latter model was applied for separate internal and external sources in the case of SO 4 22 . This forest differed greatly from other, previously studied forests. Large amounts of water were required for a positive flux (leaching), suggesting that the negative net below canopy fluxes of some elements were due to the low water regimes during the study year. Possible causes of this were the high value of the canopy saturation and the pattern of scattered rainfall, which led to extreme values of interception losses. The point at which the line representing the relationship between net below canopy fluxes and event quantity intersected the x axis varied depending on the leachable properties of the canopy ions. q

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Changes in crown leaching composition induced by a sudden increase in atmospheric deposition. A case study in South-Western Bulgaria

Cited by 2 publications

References 15 publications

Gross precipitation and throughfall chemistry in legume species planted in Northeastern México

Gross precipitation and throughfall chemistry in legume species planted in Northeastern México

Net below canopy fluxes in Canarian laurel forest canopies

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