Changes in dendritic morphology of rat spinal motoneurons during development and after unilateral target deletion

Goldstein, L. A.; Kurz, Elizabeth M.; Kalkbrenner, Amy; Sengelaub, Dale R.

doi:10.1016/0165-3806(93)90133-u

Cited by 44 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 76 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Elimination of motoneurons from one side of the SNB nucleus on the day of birth results in a prevention of the normal decline in SNB dendritic length from the exuberant P28 levels. At adulthood, dendritic length in the remaining SNB is over 50% greater than that of normal adults, and increases are predominately in those regions where the arbors from missing SNB motoneurons normally project (Goldstein et al, 1993).…”

Section: Dendritic Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While the length of the SNB motoneuron dendrites decreases over this period, their distribution in the gray matter also changes. Dendritic retraction is greatest in areas where the arbors from motoneurons in the two halves of the nucleus overlap (Goldstein et al, 1993), and interactions facilitated by this arbor overlap appear to be involved in regulating the normal retraction of SNB dendrites. Elimination of motoneurons from one side of the SNB nucleus on the day of birth results in a prevention of the normal decline in SNB dendritic length from the exuberant P28 levels.…”

Section: Dendritic Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The spinal nucleus of the bulbocavernosus: Firsts in androgen-dependent neural sex differences

Sengelaub

Forger

2008

Hormones and Behavior

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Cell number in the spinal nucleus of the bulbocavernosus (SNB) of rats was the first neural sex difference shown to differentiate under the control of androgens, acting via classical intracellular androgen receptors. SNB motoneurons reside in the lumbar spinal cord and innervate striated muscles involved in copulation, including the bulbocavernosus (BC) and levator ani (LA). SNB cells are much larger and more numerous in males than in females, and the BC/LA target muscles are reduced or absent in females. The relative simplicity of this neuromuscular system has allowed for considerable progress in pinpointing sites of hormone action, and identifying the cellular bases for androgenic effects. It is now clear that androgens act at virtually every level of the SNB system, in development and throughout adult life. In this review we focus on effects of androgens on developmental cell death of SNB motoneurons and BC/LA muscles; the establishment and maintenance of SNB motoneuron soma size and dendritic length; BC/LA muscle morphology and physiology; and behaviors controlled by the SNB system. We also describe new data on neurotherapeutic effects of androgens on SNB motoneurons after injury in adulthood.

show abstract

Section: Dendritic Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Dendritic Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

The spinal nucleus of the bulbocavernosus: Firsts in androgen-dependent neural sex differences

Sengelaub

Forger

2008

Hormones and Behavior

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Average dendritic length per labeled motoneuron was estimated by summing the measured dendritic lengths of the series of sections, multiplying by two to correct for sampling, then dividing by the total number of labeled motoneurons in that series. This method does not attempt to assess the actual total dendritic length of labeled motoneurons (Kurz et al, 1991), but has been shown to be a sensitive and reliable indicator of changes in dendritic morphology in normal development (Goldstein et al, 1990(Goldstein et al, , 1993Goldstein and Sengelaub, 1993), in response to hormonal manipulation (Kurz et al, 1986;Forger and Breedlove, 1987;Goldstein et al, 1990;Kurz et al, 1991;Sengelaub, 1992, 1994;Burke et al, 1997Burke et al, , 1999Hebbeler and Sengelaub, 2003), after changes in dendritic interactions (Goldstein et al, 1993), after alterations in afferent input (Kalb, 1994;Hebbeler et al, 2002;Hebbeler and Sengelaub, 2003), and after maternal care manipulations (Lenz and Sengelaub, 2006).…”

Section: Dendritic Lengthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tactile stimulation during artificial rearing influences adult function and morphology in a sexually dimorphic neuromuscular system

Lenz

Graham

Parada

et al. 2008

Developmental Neurobiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Maternal licking of rat pups affects the development of the spinal nucleus of the bulbocavernosus (SNB), a sexually dimorphic motor nucleus that controls penile reflexes involved with copulation. Maternal licking influences SNB motoneurons, with reductions in licking producing decreased SNB number, size, and dendritic length in adulthood. Reduced maternal licking also produces deficits in adult male copulatory behavior. In this experiment, we used an artificial rearing paradigm to assess the potential role of tactile stimulation in mediating the effects of maternal licking on the SNB neuromuscular system. During artificial rearing, pups were stroked with a paintbrush to mimic maternal licking, receiving low, medium, or high levels of daily stimulation. In adulthood, ex copula penile reflex behavior was tested and the morphology of SNB motoneurons assessed. SNB motoneurons were retrogradely labeled with cholera toxin-conjugated HRP and dendritic arbor was reconstructed in three dimensions. Animals that received low levels of stimulation showed deficits in penile reflexes relative to maternally reared controls, including a longer latency to erection, fewer cup erections, and fewer erection clusters. SNB dendritic morphology was also shaped by stimulation condition, with animals that received low or medium levels of stimulation showing an average 27% reduction in dendritic length. In addition, several reflex behaviors were significantly correlated with dendritic length, including latency to first erection, percent of cup erections, and number of erection clusters. These results suggest that tactile stimulation provided by maternal licking mediates some of the effects of maternal care on the development of male copulatory behavior.

show abstract

“…The portion of each animal's dendritic arbor per labeled motoneuron contained within each location was then determined. This method provides a sensitive measure of dendritic redistribution in response to changes in dendritic interactions 33 and afferent input 35,36 .…”

Section: Dendritic Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…normal development 24,33,34 , after changes in dendritic interactions 33 and afferent input [35][36][37] , and after injury 6,[21][22][23]38 .…”

Section: Dendritic Lengthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibition of Cytosolic Phospholipase A₂Has Neuroprotective Effects on Motoneuron and Muscle Atrophy after Spinal Cord Injury

Liu

Byers

Lam

et al. 2021

Journal of Neurotrauma

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Surviving motoneurons undergo dendritic atrophy after spinal cord injury (SCI), suggesting an important therapeutic target for neuroprotective strategies to improve recovery of function after SCI. Our previous studies showed that phospholipase A 2 (PLA 2 ) may play an important role in the pathogenesis of SCI. In the present study, we investigated whether blocking cPLA 2 pharmacologically with arachidonyl trifluoromethyl ketone (ATK) or genetically using cPLA 2 knockout (KO) mice attenuates motoneuron atrophy following SCI. C57BL/6 mice received either sham or contusive SCI at the T10 level. At 30 min after SCI, mice were treated with ATK or vehicle. Four weeks later, motoneurons innervating the vastus lateralis muscle of the quadriceps were labeled with cholera toxin-conjugated horseradish peroxidase, and dendritic arbors were reconstructed in three dimensions. Soma volume, motoneuron number, lesion volume, and tissue sparing were also assessed, as were muscle weight, fiber cross-sectional area, and motor endplate size and density. ATK administration reduced percent lesion volume and increased percent volume of spared white matter compared to the vehicle-treated control animals. SCI with or without ATK treatment had no effect on the number or soma volume of quadriceps motoneurons. However, SCI resulted in a decrease in dendritic length of quadriceps motoneurons in untreated animals, and this decrease was completely prevented by treatment with ATK. Similarly, the vastus lateralis muscle weights of untreated SCI animals were smaller than those of sham-surgery controls, and these reductions were prevented by ATK treatment. No effects on fiber cross-sectional areas, motor endplate area or density were observed across treatment groups. Remarkably, genetically deleting cPLA 2 in cPLA 2 KO mice attenuated dendritic atrophy after SCI. These findings suggest that after SCI, cord tissue damage and regressive changes in motoneuron and muscle morphology can be reduced by inhibition of cPLA 2 , further supporting a role for cPLA 2 as a neurotherapeutic target for SCI treatment.

show abstract

Changes in dendritic morphology of rat spinal motoneurons during development and after unilateral target deletion

Cited by 44 publications

References 76 publications

The spinal nucleus of the bulbocavernosus: Firsts in androgen-dependent neural sex differences

The spinal nucleus of the bulbocavernosus: Firsts in androgen-dependent neural sex differences

Tactile stimulation during artificial rearing influences adult function and morphology in a sexually dimorphic neuromuscular system

Inhibition of Cytosolic Phospholipase A₂Has Neuroprotective Effects on Motoneuron and Muscle Atrophy after Spinal Cord Injury

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Changes in dendritic morphology of rat spinal motoneurons during development and after unilateral target deletion

Cited by 44 publications

References 76 publications

The spinal nucleus of the bulbocavernosus: Firsts in androgen-dependent neural sex differences

The spinal nucleus of the bulbocavernosus: Firsts in androgen-dependent neural sex differences

Tactile stimulation during artificial rearing influences adult function and morphology in a sexually dimorphic neuromuscular system

Inhibition of Cytosolic Phospholipase A2Has Neuroprotective Effects on Motoneuron and Muscle Atrophy after Spinal Cord Injury

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Inhibition of Cytosolic Phospholipase A₂Has Neuroprotective Effects on Motoneuron and Muscle Atrophy after Spinal Cord Injury