Changes in diversity and storage function of ectomycorrhiza and soil organoprofile dynamics after introduction of beech into Scots pine forests

Rumberger, Michael D.; Münzenberger, B.; Bens, Oliver; Ehrig, Fred; Lentzsch, Peter; Hüttl, Reinhard F.

doi:10.1023/b:plso.0000047793.14857.4f

Cited by 39 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…The main questions studied were how root colonization, EMF species composition, and EMF species diversity were affected when assimilate flux to the roots was suppressed by girdling. For the healthy trees of this study, the EMF species richness was similar to that for other stands of adult European beech (10,13,26,53,61) and showed a typical distribution, with few abundant and many rare species (4). EMF species composition fluctuated between sampling dates (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

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Girdling Affects Ectomycorrhizal Fungal (EMF) Diversity and Reveals Functional Differences in EMF Community Composition in a Beech Forest

Pena

Offermann

Simon

et al. 2010

Appl Environ Microbiol

122

105

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The relationships between plant carbon resources, soil carbon and nitrogen content, and ectomycorrhizal fungal (EMF) diversity in a monospecific, old-growth beech (Fagus sylvatica) forest were investigated by manipulating carbon flux by girdling. We hypothesized that disruption of the carbon supply would not affect diversity and EMF species numbers if EM fungi can be supplied by plant internal carbohydrate resources or would result in selective disappearance of EMF taxa because of differences in carbon demand of different fungi. Tree carbohydrate status, root demography, EMF colonization, and EMF taxon abundance were measured repeatedly during 1 year after girdling. Girdling did not affect root colonization but decreased EMF species richness of an estimated 79 to 90 taxa to about 40 taxa. Cenococcum geophilum, Lactarius blennius, and Tomentella lapida were dominant, colonizing about 70% of the root tips, and remained unaffected by girdling. Mainly cryptic EMF species disappeared. Therefore, the Shannon-Wiener index (H) decreased but evenness was unaffected. H was positively correlated with glucose, fructose, and starch concentrations of fine roots and also with the ratio of dissolved organic carbon to dissolved organic nitrogen (DOC/DON), suggesting that both H and DOC/DON were governed by changes in belowground carbon allocation. Our results suggest that beech maintains numerous rare EMF species by recent photosynthate. These EM fungi may constitute biological insurance for adaptation to changing environmental conditions. The preservation of taxa previously not known to colonize beech may, thus, form an important reservoir for future forest development.In temperate and boreal forest ecosystems, most tree species form ectomycorrhizal fungal (EMF) associations. EM fungi ensheathe the root tip, forming characteristic mantlelike structures (1). The presence and lengths of hyphae emanating from the mantle are characteristic of different EMF species and establish different soil exploration types (2). It has been assumed that EMF communities are adapted specifically to mobilize sparse soil nutrient resources in boreal and temperate forests (11, 50). Current estimates indicate that about 80% of all nitrogen and phosphorus present in plants has been taken up via mycorrhizas (30,41,63).Unlike free-living soil microbes, EM fungi have direct access to reduced carbon from their host plants. More than 50 years ago, Melin and Nilsson (46) showed that 14 C applied to leaves was recovered within one day in EM fungi, suggesting a strong dependence of fungal metabolism on host photosynthesis. Subsequent isotopic studies corroborated tight connections between current photosynthate and EM fungi (28,42). EMF hyphae constitute the main path of plant-derived carbon into the soil (24, 29). Furthermore, EMF hyphae contribute substantially to soil respiration (25% from hyphae and 15% from roots) (27). As hyphal respiration decreases strongly in response to girdling of trees, a tight metabolic link between extramatrical mycelia and host ...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…However, the overall EMF diversity was low, probably because the young trees were grown in nutrient-rich compost soil (20). The significance of photoassimilates for EMF abundance, diversity, and community composition, therefore, remains to be shown for adult forest trees, which usually have high EMF diversity and low nitrogen availability (10,26,53,61).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Girdling Affects Ectomycorrhizal Fungal (EMF) Diversity and Reveals Functional Differences in EMF Community Composition in a Beech Forest

Pena

Offermann

Simon

et al. 2010

Appl Environ Microbiol

122

105

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“…Direct weathering and nutrient uptake by ECM fungi colonising mineral particles has also been suggested as a possible pathway for element uptake by forest trees (Landeweert et al 2001;Rumberger et al 2004). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The ectomycorrhizal community structure in high mountain Norway spruce stands

Scattolin

Montecchio

Agerer³

2007

Trees

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The species composition of ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungal communities can be strongly influenced by abiotic and biotic factors, which determine interactions among the species such as resource partitioning, disturbance, competition, or relationships with other organisms. To verify whether ectomycorrhization of the root tips and composition of the ECM community in Norway spruce vary according to site features and if ECM species peculiar to these environmental variables can be detected, ten comparable stands differing in bedrock pH and exposure were selected and studied. The results demonstrated that tips vitality and ectomycorrhization degree do not change significantly either on the same tree, or among trees growing in the same stand, whereas they differ greatly with bedrock pH and exposure, even if no spatial or temporal trend were found. ECM species composition revealed instead a significant connection with the two environmental features, with a few species significantly associated to them. The results suggest that pH/exposure patterns play a primary role in the adaptive selection of ECM species constituting the consortium.

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“…The total thickness of the quarternary sediments in this area is 150 m (Stackebrandt and Manhenke 2002). Prevailing soil types are cambisols (Rumberger et al 2004;Bens et al 2006) with mainly sandy particle sizes (sand fraction 89-96%, silt 1.6-6.6%, clay 1.8-5.1%). Mean annual temperature is 8.3°C and mean annual precipitation 577 mm with almost 70% during the vegetation period from April to September.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water infiltration and hydraulic conductivity in sandy cambisols: impacts of forest transformation on soil hydrological properties

et al. 2006

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Soil hydrological properties like infiltration capacity and hydraulic conductivity have important consequences for hydrological properties of soils in river catchments and for flood risk prevention. They are dynamic properties due to varying land use management practices. The objective of this study was to characterize the variation of infiltration capacity, hydraulic conductivity and soil organoprofile development on forest sites with comparable geological substrate, soil type and climatic conditions, but different stand ages and tree species in terms of the effects of forest transformation upon soil hydrological properties. The Kahlenberg forest area (50 km northeast of Berlin in the German northeastern lowlands) under investigation contains stands of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) and European beech (Fagus sylvatica) of different age structures forming a transformation chronosequence from pure Scots pine stands towards pure European beech stands. The water infiltration capacity and hydraulic conductivity (K) of the investigated sandy-textured soils are low and very few macropores exist. Additionally these pores are marked by poor connectivity and therefore do not have any significant effect on water infiltration rate. Moreover, water infiltration in these soils is impeded by their hydrophobic properties. Along the experimental chronosequence of forest transformation, the thickness of the forest floor layer decreases due to enhanced decomposition and humification intensities. By contrast, the thickness of the humous topsoil increases. Presumably, changes in soil organic matter storage and quality caused by the management practice of forest transformation affect the persistence and degree of water repellency in the soil, which in turn influences the hydraulic properties of the experimental soils. The results indicate clearly that soils play a crucial role for water retention and therefore, in overland flow prevention. There is a need to have more awareness on the intimate link between the land use and soil properties and their possible effects on flooding.

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Changes in diversity and storage function of ectomycorrhiza and soil organoprofile dynamics after introduction of beech into Scots pine forests

Cited by 39 publications

References 47 publications

Girdling Affects Ectomycorrhizal Fungal (EMF) Diversity and Reveals Functional Differences in EMF Community Composition in a Beech Forest

Girdling Affects Ectomycorrhizal Fungal (EMF) Diversity and Reveals Functional Differences in EMF Community Composition in a Beech Forest

The ectomycorrhizal community structure in high mountain Norway spruce stands

Water infiltration and hydraulic conductivity in sandy cambisols: impacts of forest transformation on soil hydrological properties

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