Changes in Enzyme Activity During the Decomposition of Plant Residues in Soil

Sajjad, Muhammad; Lodhi, A.; Azam, F.

doi:10.3923/pjbs.2002.952.955

Cited by 17 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…However, with one exception, there was no significant difference farmyard manure followed similar trend during the both growth seasons and no significant difference was observed between these organic materials applied in the same doses. In their study, Sajjad et al (2002) found that soil urease activity maintain a certain stable level and may not depend on type of organic material due to its complexation with humus compounds in soil, and stabilization and protection of the enzyme by organic matter. Similar urease activities observed between organic fertilizers in our study may be attributed to this fact.…”

Section: β-Glucosidase Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Vermicompost on Chemical and Biological Properties of an Alkaline Soil with High Lime Content during Celery (<i>Apium graveolens</i> L. var. dulce Mill.) Production

Sönmez

Tavali

et al. 2016

Not Bot Hort Agrobot Cluj

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The aim of this study was to investigate impact of vermicompost on chemical and biological properties of an alkaline soil with high lime content in the presence of plant under the open field conditions in semiarid Mediterranean region of Turkey. The study also included farmyard manure and chemical fertilizers for comparison and was conducted in two consecutive growth seasons in the same plots to observe any cumulative effect. Plots were amended with fertilizers in different rates and celery (Apium graveolens L. var. dulce Mill.) was grown as the test plant. In general, vermicompost appeared to be more effective to increase organic matter, N, P, and Ca compared to farmyard manure. Soil alkaline phosphatase and β-glucosidase activities, especially in the second growth season, were significantly elevated by the vermicompost application. Urease activity, however, appeared not to be influenced by the type of organic fertilizer. A slight but statistically significant difference was detected between organic amendments in terms of number of aerobic mesophilic bacteria with vermicompost giving the lower values. Results showed that, in general, vermicompost significantly alters chemical and biological properties of the alkaline soil with high lime content during celery production under field conditions compared to farmyard manure and that it has a high potential to be used as an alternative to conventional organic fertilizers in agricultural production in the Mediterranean region of Turkey.

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Section: β-Glucosidase Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Vermicompost on Chemical and Biological Properties of an Alkaline Soil with High Lime Content during Celery (<i>Apium graveolens</i> L. var. dulce Mill.) Production

Sönmez

Tavali

et al. 2016

Not Bot Hort Agrobot Cluj

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“…This can be attributed to higher concentrations of plant residue on the surface where the urea is applied as opposed to incorporated into the soil. In a study by Sajjad et al (2002), changes in enzyme activity were measured at 0, 2, 4, and 8 wk after termination in three different plant residues. The different residues included wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and corn (Zea mays L.), which are cereal grasses, and sesbania (Sesbania spp.…”

Section: Core Ideasmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In these trials, control and wheat treatments peak urease activity occurred at 4 wk, whereas maize and sesbania peaked at 8 wk. This can be attributed to complexation with the organic matter to form a stable enzyme and prevent degradation (Sajjad et al., 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cover crops can increase ammonia volatilization and reduce the efficacy of urease inhibitors

Kulesza

Woodley

Heather

et al. 2022

Soil Science Soc of Amer J

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Surface application of urea can result in high nitrogen (N) losses through ammonia (NH3) volatilization. While management practices aim to increase the efficiency of nutrient cycling and prevent N loss, it is unknown whether the combination of multiple practices will have a synergistic or antagonistic effect. Therefore, laboratory volatilization studies were conducted to determine the effect of five cover crop treatments (surface clover [Trifolium incarnatum L.] and rye [Secale cereale L.], incorporated clover and rye, and bare soil), three N application timings (2, 4, and 8 wk after cover crop addition), and two N sources (untreated and treated urea) on the effectiveness of a urease inhibitor. Soils were incubated according to N application timing treatment, amended with the appropriate N source, and placed in chambers which captured NH3 over 7 d. There were significant interactions between cover crop treatment and N source and N source and N application timing on cumulative NH3 loss, ranging from 29 to 174 kg N ha−1. Losses were highest from treated urea when applied 2 wk after residue addition (75.9 kg N ha−1) or on top of surface residues (85.8 kg N ha−1). There was no significant effect of application timing on cumulative NH3 loss from untreated urea. However, inhibitor effectiveness did increase when residue was applied eight weeks after residue addition (77%) as compared with 2 wk after residue addition (45%). Future research should focus on alternate dosing or application timing to overcome high residue scenarios in these systems.

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“…Many advanced techniques are being used for the measurement of the microbial community in the soil but soil respiration is considered as a rapid indicator for evaluating the response of the microbial community to changes in the soil ecosystem and soil quality [31]. Organic materials applied to soils are transformed into CO 2 , microbial biomass, metabolites and humus components [32]. The composition of the materials, soil physicochemical properties and environmental conditions affect such transformations.…”

Section: Co 2 -C Evolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immobilization of Cd, Pb and Zn through Organic Amendments in Wastewater Irrigated Soils

Malik¹,

Khan

Rukh

et al. 2021

Sustainability

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Due to the scarcity of water, raw sewage effluents are often used to irrigate arable suburban soils in developing countries, which causes soil contamination with toxic metals. Soil microorganisms involved in biochemical transformations are sensitive to heavy metals contamination. The study was designed to investigate the effect of organic amendments on the microbial activity of cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) fractions and their bioavailability in soils contaminated with wastewater irrigation. Three metal contaminated soils under wastewater irrigation were collected, ground, sieved and added to incubation jars. Two organic amendments: wheat straw and chickpea straw, were applied (1% w/w) to the soil before incubation for 84 days at 25 °C. The CO2-C evolution after 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 10 and 14 days was measured and thereafter was also measured weekly. Soil samples collected at 0, 14, 28, 42, 56, 70 and 84 days after incubation were analyzed for microbial biomass carbon (MBC). Sequential extraction for metal fractionation of samples was carried out collected at 0, 28, 56 and 84 days. Three soils differed significantly in evolved MBC and ∑CO2-C. Chickpea straw addition significantly increased soil MBC as compared to the wheat straw. Organic amendments significantly increased ∑CO2-C evolution from the soils, which was higher from chickpea straw. The addition of crop residues did not affect total Pb, Cd and Zn contents in soils. The concentration of exchangeable, carbonate bound and residual fractions of Pb, Cd and Zn decreased (6–27%), while the organic matter bound fraction increased (4–75%) with straw addition. Overall, the organic amendments improved microbial activity and reduce the bioavailability of toxic metals in wastewater irrigated soils. Furthermore, organic amendments not only reduce economic losses as they are cheap to produce but also minimize human health risks from heavy metals by hindering their entry into the food chain.

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Changes in Enzyme Activity During the Decomposition of Plant Residues in Soil

Cited by 17 publications

References 23 publications

Effect of Vermicompost on Chemical and Biological Properties of an Alkaline Soil with High Lime Content during Celery (<i>Apium graveolens</i> L. var. dulce Mill.) Production

Effect of Vermicompost on Chemical and Biological Properties of an Alkaline Soil with High Lime Content during Celery (<i>Apium graveolens</i> L. var. dulce Mill.) Production

Cover crops can increase ammonia volatilization and reduce the efficacy of urease inhibitors

Immobilization of Cd, Pb and Zn through Organic Amendments in Wastewater Irrigated Soils

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