Changes in Exanthema Subitum Incidence and Patient Age Distribution During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Japan

Tachikawa, Jun; Aizawa, Yuta; Ikuse, Tatsuki; Kon, Miyako; Saitoh, Akihiko

doi:10.1097/inf.0000000000003430

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…[16][17][18] In contrast, approximately 80%-90% of patients in Japan have a typical clinical course of exanthem subitum at the time of primary HHV-6B infection. 29,35 Therefore, it is possible that the previous report based on the national database 30 broadly reflects the epidemiological changes in primary HHV-6B infection, but our findings are thought to T A B L E 3 Trends in the total number of patients with CFS and the number of patients with primary EBV, CMV, HHV-6B, or HHV-7 infection and CFS each year. indicate precise epidemiological changes in the incidence of primary viral infection after the implementation of NPIs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…Therefore, the frequency of primary HHV-6B infection among Recently, the overall incidence of exanthem subitum did not change significantly as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan based on an analysis of the national database of exanthem subitum receiving data from sentinel pediatric clinics and hospitals. 30 Although primary HHV-6B infection is the main cause of exanthem subitum, 12,13 it also causes atypical clinical features such as fever without a skin rash 31 and a skin rash without fever. 32 These patients are not diagnosed with exanthem subitum based on the clinical symptoms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Changes in trends of pediatric β‐ and γ‐herpesvirus infections during the COVID‐19 pandemic: A single‐center observational study

Kozawa

Kawamura

Hattori

et al. 2023

Journal of Medical Virology

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Nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) to control COVID-19 have decreased the incidence of many pediatric infectious diseases. The epidemiology of βand γherpesvirus infections might have been affected by NPIs. The aim of this study was to elucidate changes in trends in βand γ-herpesvirus infections and complex febrile seizures (cFS) of viral etiology before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Between April 2017 and March 2021, febrile children aged ≤5 years were enrolled. Detection of EBV, CMV, HHV-6B, and HHV-7 DNA in serum was performed using real-time PCR. The epidemiology of viral infections and cFS were compared between the prepandemic and pandemic periods. During the observation period, 1432 serum samples were collected. The mean number of febrile children decreased during the pandemic period, but the number of patients with HHV-6B infection increased from 35 (9.3% of all febrile children) per year before the pandemic to 43 (15.5%) during the pandemic. The change in the proportion of patients with primary HHV-6Binfection was 6.50% (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.05%-11.3%; p = 0.0047). The mean number of patients with cFS decreased during the pandemic period, but the number of patients with HHV-6B-associated cFS was stable throughout the observation period. Therefore, the change in proportion of patients with cFS caused by primary HHV-6B infection was 49.5% (95% CI, 12.2%-60.5%; p = 0.0048). The disease burden of primary HHV-6B infection among patients in the emergency room remained unchanged, with a significant increase in the relative proportion after the COVID-19 pandemic began.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in trends of pediatric β‐ and γ‐herpesvirus infections during the COVID‐19 pandemic: A single‐center observational study

Kozawa

Kawamura

Hattori

et al. 2023

Journal of Medical Virology

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“…Indeed, rhinovirus suppressed SARS-CoV-2 replication in vitro. 84 In contrast, the COVID-19 pandemic did not change the exanthema subitum incidence, 77,85 suggesting causative agents, such as human herpesvirus types 6 or 7, are transmitted primarily among family members, not in the community. 85…”

Section: Epidemiologic Changes Of Other Diseases During the Covid-19 ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Updates on Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Children in Japan

Aizawa

Takanashi

Ogimi

2022

Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal

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This review provides updates on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in children in Japan by summarizing published data. By the end of March 2022, Japan had experienced 6 waves of COVID-19 outbreaks. Over this time, the clinical features presented among children have changed in the context of the predominant variants. Although the COVID-19 pandemic affected children in terms of medical, physical and psychosocial aspects, the clinical outcomes have been favorable in Japan compared with those in some European countries and the United States, which may be partly due to a lower incidence of multisystem inflammatory syndromes in children and obesity. The COVID-19 vaccine has been available for children; however, the vaccination rate in children 5–11 years of age is lower than that in older children due to the government’s lack of an active approach in this specific population. Further action is needed to improve the overall vaccination rates in children.

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Disease Burden of Primary HHV-6B Infection in Immunocompetent Children

Kawamura,

Yoshikawa

2024

Curr Clin Micro Rpt

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Changes in Exanthema Subitum Incidence and Patient Age Distribution During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Japan

Cited by 3 publications

References 7 publications

Changes in trends of pediatric β‐ and γ‐herpesvirus infections during the COVID‐19 pandemic: A single‐center observational study

Changes in trends of pediatric β‐ and γ‐herpesvirus infections during the COVID‐19 pandemic: A single‐center observational study

Updates on Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Children in Japan

Disease Burden of Primary HHV-6B Infection in Immunocompetent Children

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