Changes in food reward during weight management interventions – a systematic review

Oustric, Pauline; Gibbons, Catherine; Beaulieu, Kristine; Blundell, John; Finlayson, Graham

doi:10.1111/obr.12754

Cited by 33 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Similarly, people are somewhat inaccurate in summarizing their past emotions (Thomas & Diener, ; Mill et al ., ) and their eating behaviours (Stubbs et al ., ), and make mistakes in attributing causes of overeating when emotions and eating intertwine (Royal & Kurtz, ; Adriaanse et al ., ). Therefore, future studies should ideally sample the psychological processes of interest using either ‘objective’, perhaps behavioural measures of uncontrolled eating (Oustric et al ., ), or use experience sampling methods, which overcome recall bias (Bejarano & Cushing, ).…”

Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At the same time, uncontrolled eating has weaker association with relative reinforcing value or willingness to work for food (French et al, 2014;Brace & Yeomans, 2016), suggesting that uncontrolled eating may be distinct from this behavioural measure of food reward sensitivity. Similar to uncontrolled eating, behavioural food reward sensitivity diminishes in response to weight management interventions (Oustric et al, 2018).…”

Section: Longitudinal Associations Between Food Intake and Uncontrollmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Uncontrolled eating: a unifying heritable trait linked with obesity, overeating, personality and the brain

Vainik

García‐García

Dagher

2019

Eur J of Neuroscience

149

130

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Many eating‐related psychological constructs have been proposed to explain obesity and overeating. However, these constructs, including food addiction, disinhibition, hedonic hunger, emotional eating, binge eating and the like all have similar definitions, emphasizing loss of control over intake. As questionnaires measuring the constructs correlate strongly (r > 0.5) with each other, we propose that these constructs should be reconsidered to be part of a single broad phenotype: uncontrolled eating. Such an approach enables reviewing and meta‐analysing evidence obtained with each individual questionnaire. Here, we describe robust associations between uncontrolled eating, body mass index (BMI), food intake, personality traits and brain systems. Reviewing cross‐sectional and longitudinal data, we show that uncontrolled eating is phenotypically and genetically intertwined with BMI and food intake. We also review evidence on how three psychological constructs are linked with uncontrolled eating: lower cognitive control, higher negative affect and a curvilinear association with reward sensitivity. Uncontrolled eating mediates all three constructs’ associations with BMI and food intake. Finally, we review and meta‐analyse brain systems possibly subserving uncontrolled eating: namely, (i) the dopamine mesolimbic circuit associated with reward sensitivity, (ii) frontal cognitive networks sustaining dietary self‐control and (iii) the hypothalamus‐pituitary‐adrenal axis, amygdala and hippocampus supporting stress reactivity. While there are limits to the explanatory and predictive power of the uncontrolled eating phenotype, we conclude that treating different eating‐related constructs as a single concept, uncontrolled eating, enables drawing robust conclusions on the relationship between food intake and BMI, psychological variables and brain structure and function.

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Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Longitudinal Associations Between Food Intake and Uncontrollmentioning

confidence: 99%

Uncontrolled eating: a unifying heritable trait linked with obesity, overeating, personality and the brain

Vainik

García‐García

Dagher

2019

Eur J of Neuroscience

149

130

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…At the same time, uncontrolled eating has weaker association with relative reinforcing value or willingness to work for food (French et al, 2014;Brace & Yeomans, 2016), suggesting that uncontrolled eating may be distinct from this behavioural measure of food reward sensitivity. Similarly to uncontrolled eating, behavioural food reward sensitivity diminishes in response to weight management interventions (Oustric et al, 2018).…”

Section: Longitudinal Associations Between Food Intake and Uncontrollmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similarly, people are somewhat inaccurate in summarising their past emotions (Thomas & Diener, 1990;Mill et al, 2016) and their eating behaviours (Stubbs et al, 2014), and make mistakes in attributing causes of overeating when emotions and eating intertwine (Royal & Kurtz, 2010;Adriaanse et al, 2016). Therefore, future studies should ideally sample the psychological processes of interest by using either "objective", perhaps behavioural measures of uncontrolled eating (Oustric et al, 2018), or use experience sampling methods, which overcome recall bias (Bejarano & Cushing, 2018).…”

Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Uncontrolled eating: A unifying heritable trait linked with obesity, overeating, personality, and the brain

Vainik¹,

García‐García²

2018

Preprint

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Many eating-related psychological constructs have been proposed to explain obesity and over-eating. However, these constructs, including food addiction, disinhibition, hedonic hunger, emotional eating, binge eating, and the like all have similar definitions, emphasising loss of control over intake. As questionnaires measuring the constructs correlate strongly (r>0.5) with each other, we propose that these constructs should be reconsidered to be part of a single broad phenotype: uncontrolled eating. Such an approach enables reviewing and meta-analysing evidence obtained with each individual questionnaire. Here, we describe robust associations between uncontrolled eating, body mass index (BMI), food intake, personality traits, and brain systems. Reviewing cross-sectional and longitudinal data, we show that uncontrolled eating is phenotypically and genetically intertwined with BMI and food intake. We also review evidence on how three psychological constructs are linked with uncontrolled eating: lower cognitive control, higher negative affect and a curvilinear association with reward sensitivity. Uncontrolled eating mediates all three constructs’ associations with BMI and food intake. Finally, we review and meta-analyse brain systems possibly subserving uncontrolled eating: namely, (i) the dopamine mesolimbic circuit associated with reward sensitivity, (ii) frontal cognitive networks sustaining dietary self-control, and (iii) the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis, amygdala and hippocampus supporting stress reactivity. While there are limits to the explanatory and predictive power of the uncontrolled eating phenotype, we conclude that treating different eating-related constructs as a single concept, uncontrolled eating, enables drawing robust conclusions on the relationship between food intake and BMI, psychological variables, and brain structure and function.

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“…When examining the effects of weight-loss interventions in obesity, however, results point in another direction: food cravings tend to decrease during energy-restricting diets [73, 74]. In fact, it seems that this decrease in cravings is selective for the types of food avoided: cravings for high-carbohydrate foods selectively decreased during a low-carbohydrate diet while cravings for fatty foods decreased during a low-fat diet [75].…”

Section: Treatment Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Critical Examination of the Practical Implications Derived from the Food Addiction Concept

Meule

2019

Curr Obes Rep

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Purpose of ReviewAdopting an addiction perspective on eating disorders and obesity may have practical implications for diagnostic classification, prevention, and treatment of these disorders. The present article critically examines these implications derived from the food addiction concept.Recent FindingsIntroducing food addiction as a new disorder in diagnostic classification system seems redundant as most individuals with an addiction-like eating behavior are already covered by established eating disorder diagnoses. Food addiction may be a useful metaphor in the treatment of binge eating, but would be inappropriate for the majority of obese individuals. Implying an addiction to certain foods is not necessary when applying certain approaches inspired by the addiction field for prevention and treatment of obesity. The usefulness of abstinence models in the treatment of eating disorders and obesity needs to be rigorously tested in future studies.SummarySome practical implications derived from the food addiction concept provide promising avenues for future research (e.g., using an addiction framework in the treatment of binge eating or applying abstinence models). For others, however, the necessity of implying an addiction to some foods needs to be scrutinized.

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Changes in food reward during weight management interventions – a systematic review

Cited by 33 publications

References 57 publications

Uncontrolled eating: a unifying heritable trait linked with obesity, overeating, personality and the brain

Uncontrolled eating: a unifying heritable trait linked with obesity, overeating, personality and the brain

Uncontrolled eating: A unifying heritable trait linked with obesity, overeating, personality, and the brain

A Critical Examination of the Practical Implications Derived from the Food Addiction Concept

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