Changes in gene expression as one of the key mechanisms involved in radiation‑induced bystander effect (Review)

Sokolov, Mykyta V.; Neumann, Ronald D.

doi:10.3892/br.2018.1110

Cited by 21 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 81 publications

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“…It should be noted that ROS can serve both as inter- or intracellular messengers [ 60 , 61 , 62 ]. Reactive oxygen or nitrogen [ 63 ] species released by cells can serve as signal particles which elicit the radiation-induced bystander effect [ 64 , 65 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Humic Substances Mitigate the Impact of Tritium on Luminous Marine Bacteria. Involvement of Reactive Oxygen Species

Rozhko

Kolesnik

Badun

et al. 2020

IJMS

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The paper studies the combined effects of beta-emitting radionuclide tritium and Humic Substances (HS) on the marine unicellular microorganism—luminous bacteria—under conditions of low-dose radiation exposures (<0.04 Gy). Tritium was used as a component of tritiated water. Bacterial luminescence intensity was considered as a tested physiological parameter. The bioluminescence response of the marine bacteria to tritium corresponded to the “hormesis” model: it included stages of bioluminescence inhibition and activation, as well as the absence of the effect. HS were shown to decrease the inhibition and activation effects of tritium, similar to those of americium-241, alpha-emitting radionuclide, studied earlier. Correlations between the bioluminescence intensity and the content of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) were found in the radioactive bacterial suspensions. The results demonstrate an important role of HS in natural processes in the regions of low radioactive contamination: HS can mitigate radiotoxic effects and adaptive response of microorganisms to low-dose radioactive exposures. The involvement of ROS in these processes was demonstrated.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Humic Substances Mitigate the Impact of Tritium on Luminous Marine Bacteria. Involvement of Reactive Oxygen Species

Rozhko

Kolesnik

Badun

et al. 2020

IJMS

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“…The reason for the impairment of DTC patients' parathyroid function after RAI is still unclear. It has been reported that a non-targeted effect of ionizing radiation may cause diminished parathyroid function after RAI, called a "bystander effect" on adjacent cells (6,11). Guven et al reported that PTH decreased in the short term but generally did not lead to hypocalcemia (6).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parathyroid Changes After RAI in Patients With Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma

et al. 2021

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ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to investigate parathyroid hormone (PTH), serum calcium, phosphorus, and 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OH-VD) changes before and after radioactive iodine (RAI) in differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) patients at different time points.MethodsA total of 259 DTC patients who received RAI were prospectively enrolled. We evaluated PTH, serum calcium, phosphorus, and 25-OH-VD levels at baseline pre-RAI, five days, six weeks, and six months post-RAI, respectively. We analyzed the risk factors of hypocalcemia at five days post-RAI.ResultsThe mean PTH, serum calcium and phosphorus values decreased five days post-RAI compared with pre-RAI (PTH 4.18 ± 1.23 pmol/L vs. 3.95 ± 1.41 pmol/L; calcium 2.27 ± 0.09 mmol/L vs. 2.20 ± 0.11 mmol/L; phosphorus 1.25 ± 0.17 vs. 0.98 ± 0.20 mmol/L, P < 0.05), and the differences were statistically significant. The mean 25-OH-VD levels did not significantly decrease at five days post-RAI. 21.2% (55/259) of patients had hypocalcemia at five days post-RAI, and all of them were given oral calcium supplements. At six weeks post-RAI, all of the above parameters were higher than those at five days post-RAI. Multivariate regression analysis showed that baseline pre-RAI serum calcium < 2.27 mmol/L, PTH < 4.18 pmol/L and negative 99mTcO4- thyroid imaging were risk factors for hypocalcemia at five days post-RAI.ConclusionFor DTC patients with normal PTH and serum calcium levels at pre-RAI, their PTH, serum calcium, and phosphorus levels decreased at five days post-RAI. About one-fifth of patients could have hypocalcemia at five days post-RAI. Lower baseline pre-RAI serum calcium and PTH levels and negative 99mTcO4- thyroid imaging were risk factors for hypocalcemia five days post-RAI.

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“…So far, global gene expression has been assessed in cells treated with conditioned media from irradiated cells or in co-culture (for review see ref. 59 ) using microarray chips, but the coverage is too low, and the results do not reflect the magnitude of the effects, rendering this technology effectively obsolete. Furthermore, the effects of irradiated cells on non-irradiated cells and vice versa also require investigation.…”

Section: The Bystander Effectmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiation-induced bystander and abscopal effects: important lessons from preclinical models

Daguenet¹,

Louati²,

Wozny³

et al. 2020

Br J Cancer

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Radiotherapy is a pivotal component in the curative treatment of patients with localised cancer and isolated metastasis, as well as being used as a palliative strategy for patients with disseminated disease. The clinical efficacy of radiotherapy has traditionally been attributed to the local effects of ionising radiation, which induces cell death by directly and indirectly inducing DNA damage, but substantial work has uncovered an unexpected and dual relationship between tumour irradiation and the host immune system. In clinical practice, it is, therefore, tempting to tailor immunotherapies with radiotherapy in order to synergise innate and adaptive immunity against cancer cells, as well as to bypass immune tolerance and exhaustion, with the aim of facilitating tumour regression. However, our understanding of how radiation impacts on immune system activation is still in its early stages, and concerns and challenges regarding therapeutic applications still need to be overcome. With the increasing use of immunotherapy and its common combination with ionising radiation, this review briefly delineates current knowledge about the non-targeted effects of radiotherapy, and aims to provide insights, at the preclinical level, into the mechanisms that are involved with the potential to yield clinically relevant combinatorial approaches of radiotherapy and immunotherapy.

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Changes in gene expression as one of the key mechanisms involved in radiation‑induced bystander effect (Review)

Cited by 21 publications

References 81 publications

Humic Substances Mitigate the Impact of Tritium on Luminous Marine Bacteria. Involvement of Reactive Oxygen Species

Humic Substances Mitigate the Impact of Tritium on Luminous Marine Bacteria. Involvement of Reactive Oxygen Species

Parathyroid Changes After RAI in Patients With Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma

Radiation-induced bystander and abscopal effects: important lessons from preclinical models

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